一株欧亚类禽H1N1亚型猪流感病毒的遗传进化分析及其对小鼠的致病力研究  

Evolutionary analysis of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 subtype swine influenza virus and its pathogenicity in mice

作　　者：刘雅茹 宋祖晨 孟飞 黄凯伦 王飞飞 陈艳[1] 陈化兰[1] 杨焕良[1] LIU Ya-ru;SONG Zu-chen;MENG Fei;HUANG Kai-lun;WANG Fei-fei;CHEN Yan;CHEN Hua-lan;YANG Huan-liang(Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agricultural,State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所动物疫病防控全国重点实验室/农业农村部动物流感重点开放实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《中国预防兽医学报》2023年第6期553-558,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1800200)。

摘　　要：猪流感病毒(SIV)是一种重要的人兽共患病毒,不仅对养猪业造成重大的经济损失,也对其他哺乳动物和人类有潜在感染风险。本研究团队前期对山东猪群常规流行病学调查时分离到一株H1N1亚型SIV,简称SW/SD/260/2021株,为了解该SIV的生物学特征和其对小鼠的致病性,本研究利用鸡胚对病毒纯化传代后,采用Reed-Muench方法测定SIV SW/SD/260/2021株EID50、TCID50,对其全基因组测序并分析其同源性。采用MEGA7.0中的邻接法构建HA和NA基因的进化树。进一步将该SIV以106 EID50/只滴鼻感染小鼠,于感染后3 d剖杀各组小鼠,采集各脏器组织,检测其体内病毒的复制情况,剩余小鼠在14 d内观察临床症状、记录体质量等,评价该SIV对哺乳动物的致病性。结果显示,该病毒株经纯化后EID50为107.25/0.1 mL,TCID50为105.67/0.1 mL;全基因组序列的BLAST比对结果显示,该病毒株的8个节段与来自辽宁、天津、Oman(阿曼苏丹)、江苏等多地不同年份的H1N1猪或人流感病毒高度同源。小鼠致病性试验结果显示,该病毒在小鼠的鼻甲和肺中呈高水平复制,病毒滴度均达104 EID50以上;感染组小鼠出现精神沉郁、被毛凌乱、食欲减退、体质量快速下降等症状,并于感染后第4 d全部死亡。本研究对欧亚类禽H1N1亚型SIV的序列进行分析,阐明了该病毒的基因遗传演化、分子特征和致病性,并揭示了欧亚类禽H1N1亚型SIV的跨种传播风险,为我国SIV的监测和SI的防控提供参考依据。Swine influenza virus(SIV)is a significant zoonotic pathogen that poses economic losses to the pig industry and a potential risk of transmission to mammals and humans.In this study,we isolated a strain of H1N1 subtype SIV,named SW/SD/260/2021,during a routine epidemiological investigation of pigs in Shandong Province.To assess its genetic evolution,pathogenicity,and cross-species transmission potential,we analyzed its biological and genomic characteristics and evaluated its pathogenicity in mice,a commonly used mammalian model.The purified virus exhibited an EID50 of 107.25 EID50/0.1 mL and a TCID50 of 105.67 TCID50/0.1 mL.Whole genome sequence alignment using BLAST revealed high homology of the eight segments of the virus with swine or human H1N1 isolates from Liaoning,Tianjin,Oman,Jiangsu,and other regions in different years.Infection studies in mice demonstrated efficient replication of the virus in the nasal turbinates and lungs,with titers exceeding 104 EID50.Our findings provide insights into the genetic evolution,molecular characteristics,and pathogenicity of this Eurasian avian-like H1N1 subtype SIV strain,highlighting the potential risk of cross-species transmission and offering valuable support for surveillance,prevention,and control efforts against SIV in China.

关 键 词：猪流感病毒 H1N1 进化分析 致病力 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]