六个切花彩菊品种对碱胁迫的生理响应及耐碱性评价  

Physiological Response of Six Cut Chrysanthemum Varieties to Alkali Stress and Evaluation of Alkali Tolerance

作　　者：虎淘淘 罗艳 虎瑛 王玲玲 张黎[1] 严瑞 HU Taotao;LUO Yan;HU Ying;WANG Lingling;ZHANG Li;YAN Rui(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第17期86-93,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：2022年宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2022BBF03035)。

摘　　要：以6个切花菊品种为试材,用不同浓度(0、20、40、60 mmol·L^(-1))的Na_(2)CO_(3)对其进行碱胁迫处理,测定不同菊花品种的生长指标和生理指标,并利用主成分分析法和隶属函数法对其耐碱性进行综合评价,研究了碱胁迫对不同切花彩菊品种幼苗形态变化以及生理指标变化的影响,以期为西北盐碱地地区菊花品种的推广提供参考依据。结果表明:碱胁迫下,不同品种各指标间存在显著差异,生长均受到抑制,株高、叶长、叶宽、叶片数、叶绿素含量(SPAD)以及叶片相对含水量(RWC)均随着胁迫程度的增强显著下降,下降最为明显的是‘凯文粉’和‘银星紫’;与CK相比,经Na_(2)CO_(3)处理的相对电导率(REC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著升高,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性先升高后降低。运用主成分分析和隶属函数分析法,提取了4个主成分,累计贡献率达86.442%。得分系数比较高的指标有REC、MDA含量、SOD活性以及叶宽,可以作为耐碱性筛选与评价的重要指标。根据D值的大小对6个菊花品种进行排序,耐碱能力由强到弱依次为‘公主心’>‘芙妮’>‘条纹’>‘汉城’>‘银星紫’>‘凯文粉’。‘公主心’的耐碱能力相对较强,可以作为耐碱品种进行推广种植,其次是‘芙妮’,耐碱能力最弱的是‘凯文粉’。Six cut chrysanthemum varieties were treated with different concentrations(0,20,40,60 mmol·L^(-1)) of Na_(2)CO_(3).The growth and physiological indexes of different chrysanthemum varieties were measured and their alkali resistance was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and subordination function.The effects of alkali stress on the morphological changes and physiological indexes of different cut chrysanthemum varieties were studied,in order to provide reference for the promotion of chrysanthemum varieties in northwest saline alkali areas.The results showed that under alkali stress,there were significant differences among various indexes of different varieties,and the growth was inhibited.The plant height,leaf length,leaf width,leaf number,chlorophyll content(SPAD) and relative water content(RWC) of leaves were decreased significantly with the increase of the stress level.The most obvious drop was ‘Kaiwenfen' and ‘Yinxingzi';compared with CK,the relative electrical conductivity(REC) and malondialdehyde(MDA) content of Na_(2)CO_(3) treatment increased significantly,while the superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) increased first and then decreased.Using principal component analysis and membership function analysis,four principal components were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 86.442%.The indicators with high score coefficient include REC,MDA content,SOD activity and leaf width,which could be used as important indicators for screening and evaluation of alkali tolerance.According to the value of D,the six chrysanthemum varieties were ranked in order of alkali resistance,‘Gongzhuxin'>‘Funi'>‘Tiaowen'>‘Hancheng'>‘Yinxingzi'>‘Kaiwenfen'.‘Gongzhuxin' has relatively strong alkali resistance,which could be popularized as an alkali resistant variety,followed by ‘Funi',‘Kaiwenfeng' had the weakest alkali resistance.

关 键 词：菊花 耐碱性 生长特性 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]