基于等效电路模型的铜精炼槽阴极电流仿真  

Cathode Current Simulation of Copper Electrolytic Cell Based on Equivalent Circuit Model

作　　者：李纯 尹泽跃 蒙毅 铁军 LI Chun;YIN Ze-yue;Meng Yi;TIE Jun(School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学机械与材料工程学院,北京100144

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2023年第7期267-272,共6页Computer Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21978004)。

摘　　要：铜是经济和社会发展不可或缺的重要原材料,其电解精炼或电解沉积生产都是在包含有数十片阳极和对应阴极的电解槽中进行的。为了保证阴极金属的质量,生产过程中需要尽可能使电解电流稳定、电流分布均匀。但受限于工业电解车间电解槽数量众多、电极槽极数量巨大、电极间距狭窄、电解液腐蚀性强等实际情况,目前对于电解槽电极电流、各项生产技术参数对电极电流的影响的监测控制处于空白。针对铜电解精炼过程中连续生产与复杂多变的情况,基于等效电路模型理论,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件,建立了电阻参数为正态分布随机数的电解槽数字孪生系统。该系统能够通过输出的电流数据的变化,快速反馈出工艺参数的改变。通过对比系统的仿真数据与实验测量数据,利用统计分析验证了模型准确性;通过改变接触电阻,模拟出电解槽中出现不良接触情况的阴极电流分布与槽电压变化情况进行了讨论;通过设计极距-电阻变化子系统,研究了极距变化引起的阴极电流变化,探讨了电极偏移时电流受到的影响。As an important raw material,copper is indispensable in economic and social development.Its electrolytic refining or electrolytic deposition production is carried out in an electrolytic cell containing dozens of anodes and cathodes.The electrode current stability and distribution uniformity are important factors influencing product quality.However,in the industrial workshops,it is still very difficult to monitor or control the electrode current,due to the large number of electrolytic cells and electrodes,the narrow electrode spacing,the strong corrosive environment,etc.And the effects of operation parameters on electrode current are still uncertain.In this study,based on the equivalent circuit model theory,a digital twin system of copper electrolytic cells has been established using Matlab/Simulink simulation software.Considering the continuous production and the complex conditions,normally distributed random numbers are used to simulate the resistance parameters.This system can quickly feedback changes in process parameters through changes in output current data.Model accuracy has been verified through statistical analysis by comparing the simulation data with the experimental measurement data.Fault conditions caused by bad contact were simulated by changing the contact resistance,and the results have been discussed,including the change of the current and voltage.The effect of electrode spacing on the cathode current has been investigated by designing an electrode spacing-resistance variation subsystem.

关 键 词：铜电解 计算机模拟 电流分布 

分 类 号：TF391.9[冶金工程—冶金机械及自动化]