新疆草原植被物候现象分析  

Analysis of Plant Phenology in Xinjiang Grassland

作　　者：张向向 王采娥 肖向华 森巴提•叶尔木拉提 凯撒•米吉提 ZHANG Xiangxiang;WANG Caie;XIAO Xianghua;SENBATI•Yeermulati;KAISA•Mijiti(Grassland General Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830049,China;Remote Sensing Monitoring Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem in Arid Region,Urumqi 830049,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站,乌鲁木齐830049 [2]干旱区草地生态系统遥感监测实验室,乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《草食家畜》2023年第5期39-44,共6页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：2022年中央财政林业草原(草原生态修复治理补助)技术支撑项目“昆仑山北坡天然草地生态系统质量评价”(XJCYZZ202201)。

摘　　要：【目的】为全面准确掌握新疆天然草原植被生长基本规律,综合评估新疆草原状况,定性分析评价草原资源消长动态和变化趋势,实现草原保护与利用的协调发展。【方法】以新疆天然草原为研究对象,结合2021-2022年地面监测数据,通过利用MODIS影像与地理信息系统数据分析方法,综合分析新疆天然草原返青期状况、生长期状况和枯黄期状况的变化规律。【结果】2022年草原植被返青期较2021年提前5d,3月5日起开始陆续返青,至4月28日返青基本结束,共持续54d。2022年全疆草原植被长势较2021年同期持平略好,其中北疆、南疆大部分植被长势好于2021年同期,东疆大部分植被长势差于2021年同期。2022年草原植被自8月中旬陆续进入枯黄期,持续到10月下旬大部分地区枯黄结束,68.6%草原植被进入枯黄期,与2021年一致。【结论】全面了解和掌握新疆天然草原物候期的变化规律,有效估测不同年份草原植被长势状况,对科学管理和划定草畜平衡区,草原生态保护修复等具有重要借鉴作用,能够切实提升草原科学化、信息化管理水平,促进草原生态系统良性循环。【Objective】In order to accurately grasp the basic laws of vegetation growth of natural grassland in Xinjiang,comprehensively evaluate the status of Xinjiang grassland,qualitatively analyze and evaluate the dynamic and changing trend of grassland resources,so as to realize the coordinated development of grassland protection and utilization.【Methods】In this paper,the natural grassland of Xinjiang was taken as the research object,combined with the ground monitoring data from 2021 to 2022,the MODIS image and GIS data analysis method were used to comprehensively analyze the change rules of the regreening,growth and yellowing stages of the grassland.【Results】The results showed that the grassland vegetation regreening period in 2022 was 5 days earlier than that in 2021.The period in 2022 started from March 6 and basically ended on April 28,lasting a total of 54 days.The vegetation growth in 2022 was slightly better than that in 2021.The growth of most vegetation in northern and southern Xinjiang was better than that in 2021,while that of most vegetation in eastern Xinjiang was worse than that in 2021.In 2022,grassland vegetation began to enter the yellowing stage in mid-August and ended in late October in most areas,with 68.6%grassland vegetation the period of which entered the yellowing stage was the same as in 2021.【Conclusion】Comprehensively mastering the change law of natural grassland phenology in Xinjiang,and effectively estimating grassland vegetation growth in different years would serve as an important indicator for scientific management and delineation of the grassland-livestock balance areas as well as for grassland ecological protection and restoration,and effectively improve the level of scientific and informationbased management of grassland,and promote the virtuous cycle of grassland ecosystem.

关 键 词：草原植被 返青 长势状况 枯黄期 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]