冬小麦新冬42号氮磷钾配施效应及用量研究  

Study on the Effect and Dosage of Combined Application of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Winter Wheat Cultivar XinDong 42

作　　者：孙娜 张胜军 王彩荣 黄倩楠 马尔合巴·艾司拜尔 邹辉 黄福巍 阿勒合斯·加尔得木拉提 SUN Na;ZHANG Shengjun;WANG Cairong;HUANG Qiannan;Marhoba·Esbayer;ZOU Hui;HUANG Fuwei;Alheus·Galdemurati(Ili Prefecture Institute of Agricultural Science,Yi'ning 835000;Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁州农业科学研究所,新疆伊宁835000 [2]吉林农业大学,长春130118

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2023年第4期12-17,66,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金青年基金项目(2021D01B99)。

摘　　要：为探明冬小麦品种新冬42号在伊犁河谷冬小麦主产区氮(N)、磷(P_(2)O_(5))、钾(K_(2)O)配施最佳用量,采用“3414”肥料效应试验设计方案,研究氮、磷、钾肥配施对新冬42号籽粒产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,各配方施肥处理新冬42号的产量和经济效益均有提高,随着氮、磷、钾施肥水平的提高,新冬42号产量和效益均呈先增加后降低的趋势。14个处理中以N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)处理(N 165.60 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)110.40 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 45.90 kg/hm^(2))的产量和经济效益最高,分别为8036.03 kg/hm^(2)和18044.85元/hm^(2)。经模型最优分析表明,采用三元肥效函数模型做出施肥决策是合理可行的,经回归模型的拟合得出推荐施肥量,达到最高产量(8081.05 kg/hm^(2))时氮(N)、磷(P_(2)O_(5))、钾(K_(2)O)的施肥量分别为190.04 kg/hm^(2)、122.23 kg/hm^(2)、53.10 kg/hm^(2);达到最佳经济效益(18056.37元/hm^(2))时氮(N)、磷(P_(2)O_(5))、钾(K_(2)O)的施肥量分别为171.03 kg/hm^(2)、108.18 kg/hm^(2)、44.77 kg/hm^(2)。本研究结果可为伊犁河谷冬小麦合理施肥提供指导,为下一步建立施肥指标体系提供依据。With the aim to exploring optimum fertilizer dosage of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))and potassium(K_(2)O)of winter wheat new cultivar Xin Dong 42 in Ili River Valley winter wheat cultivation area,the"3414"fertilizer experiment was carried to analyze the effects of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))and potassium(K_(2)O)combined application dosage on grain yields and economic benefits of Xin Dong 42.The results showed that:compared with the control,the yields and economic benefits Xin Dong 42 were improved by each formula fertilization treatment.With the increase of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization levels,the variation trend of grain yields and economic benefits were increased firstly and decreased latterly.Among the 14 treatments,N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)treatment(N 165.60 kg/ha,P_(2)O_(5)110.40 kg/ha,K_(2)O 45.90 kg/ha)had the highest yield and economic benefits,which was 8036.03 kg/ha and 18044.85 yuan/ha respectively.The optimal analysis of the model showed that it was reasonable and feasible to make the fertilization decision by using the ternary fertilizer efficiency function model.The recommended amount of fertilizer was obtained by fitting the regression function model.When the maximum yield(8081.05 kg/ha)was reached,the fertilization amounts of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))and potassium(K_(2)O)were 190.04,122.23 and 53.10 kg/ha,respectively.Nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))and potassium(K_(2)O)fertilization amounts were 171.03,108.18 and 44.77 kg/ha,respectively when the best economic benefit(18056.37 yuan/ha)was achieved.These results will provide guidance for the rational fertilization of winter wheat in Ili River Valley and provide basis for the establishment of fertilization index system in the future.

关 键 词：冬小麦 新冬42号 “3414”肥料试验 肥效模型 产量 施肥量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]