闪烁光纤中宇宙线缪子的荧光光子计数测量  

Measuring fluorescence photon counts of cosmic ray muons in scintillation fibers

作　　者：王启奇 张湘 田立朝 马燕云[2,3] 孙乙文 WANG Qiqi;ZHANG Xiang;TIAN Lichao;MA Yanyun;SUN Yiwen(College of Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian,Beijing 102205,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学理学院,长沙410073 [2]国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院,长沙410073 [3]国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室,北京102205

出　　处：《核技术》2023年第10期15-22,共8页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(No.2021JJ30772)资助。

摘　　要：开展基于塑料闪烁光纤的宇宙线缪子测量研究时,对闪烁光纤输出光脉冲的光子数定量分析,是读出电子学设计的前提。在无单光子源等弱光标定时,对缪子入射事件在光纤中产生光脉冲的光子数进行定量分析是本文的主要目标。首先利用硅光电倍增管(Silicon Photomultiplier Tube,SiPM)固有的非光生载流子特性标定光脉冲的测量值,获得缪子在直径1 mm和2 mm光纤中产生微弱光脉冲包含的光子数;然后结合Geant4软件模拟计算缪子在光纤中理论光子产额,并与实验结果对比验证。结果显示,在直径1 mm和2 mm光纤中光脉冲光子期望值分别为44个和85个,与模拟结果偏差分别为4.55%和10.59%,表明该低光子数测量方法可以在无额外标定设备时,实现对缪子入射光纤产生光子数的准确测量,并可以应用在其他弱光脉冲光子数测量场景中。[Background]In the realm of cosmological ray studies employing plastic scintillation fibers,it is essential to conduct quantitative analyses of the photon number from the fiber's output pulse for the successful design of readout electronics.[Purpose]Given the absence of a weak cursor setting device such as a single photon source.This study aims to quantitatively analyze the number of photons generated by photon incidents within the fiber calibrating without a weak photon source such as a single photon source.[Methods]Firstly,photon numbers within weak optical pulses induced by muons in optical fibers with diameters of 1 mm and 2 mm were determinated by the calibration method that making use of inherent non-photogenerated carrier characteristics of the silicon photomultiplier tube(SiPM).Then,the Geant4 software was employed to simulate the theoretical photon yield of muons in these optical fibers,and the simulation results were compared with experimental data for validation.[Results]The verification results indicate that the anticipated photon count in the optical pulses within fibers with diameters of the 1 mm and 2 mm fibers are 44 and 85,respectively.The deviation from the simulation results is 4.55%and 10.59%,respectively.[Conclusions]The results validate the efficiency of the low photon number measurement method,demonstrating its ability to accurately measure the photon count generated by the incident fiber without the need for additional calibration equipment.This method may extend to other scenarios that require the measurement of photon numbers in weak light pulse situations.

关 键 词：硅光电倍增管 缪子 塑料闪烁光纤 光子数测量 GEANT4 

分 类 号：TL813[核科学技术—核技术及应用] TL82