我国环境公益诉讼制度之实证分析  

An Empirical Analysis of Environmental Public Interest Litigation System in China

作　　者：张珂萌 ZHANG Ke-meng(School of Law,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学法学院,南京211100

出　　处：《四川环境》2023年第5期234-238,共5页Sichuan Environment

摘　　要：在我国,作为救济生态环境损害的司法制度之一,环境公益诉讼在实务中发挥着越来越重要的作用。立足于该制度整体框架和立法沿革的认知,采用实证分析的研究方法针对环境公益诉讼制度的现实困境与完善路径进行专门探讨具有特殊性和必要性。当前造成环境公益诉讼司法救济效果不佳的原因主要有环境民事公益诉讼中“公益起诉人”的职能定位不清、环境行政公益诉讼中检察权的界限模糊,以及制度的具体规则存在不足等。通过成因分析,继而提出完善环境公益诉讼制度的相关建议,即应当坚持法律监督基本职能不变,明确公益起诉人的职能系“履行职责”;重视环境行政公益诉讼的客观诉讼属性,加强内外制度衔接机制;优化检察职权配置,完善具体规则。In China,as one of the judicial systems to relieve ecological environmental damage,environmental public interest litigation plays an increasingly important role in practice.Based on the cognition of the overall framework and legislative evolution of the system,it is special and necessary to use empirical analysis research method to specifically discuss the practical difficulties and improvement paths of the environmental public interest litigation system.At present,the main reasons for the poor effect of judicial relief in environmental public interest litigation are the unclear function orientation of"public interest prosecutor"in environmental civil public interest litigation,the blurred boundary of procuratorial power in environmental administrative public interest litigation,and the inadequacy of specific rules of the system.Through the analysis of the causes of formation,the relevant suggestions for improving the environmental public interest litigation system were put forward,that is,the basic function of legal supervision should remain unchanged,and the function of the public interest prosecutor should be defined as"performing duties";Pay attention to the objective litigation attribute of environmental administrative public interest litigation,strengthen the internal and external system linkage mechanism,optimize the allocation of procuratorial powers and improve specific rules.

关 键 词：生态环境损害 环境公益诉讼 实证分析 制度设计 

分 类 号：X3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]