基于卫星反射器的转发式激光时间传递试验研究  

Experimental Study of Forward Laser Time Transfer Based on Satellite Retroreflector

作　　者：耿仁方 吴志波[1,3] 黄勇[1] 林海声 喻荣宗 汤凯[1] 张海峰[1,3] 张忠萍[1,3] Geng Renfang;Wu Zhibo;Huang Yong;Lin Haisheng;Yu Rongzong;Tang Kai;Zhang Haifeng;Zhang Zhongping(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Space Object and Debris Observation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,Jiangsu,China;School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院空间目标与碎片观测重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [4]上海大学机电工程与自动化学院,上海200444 [5]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第18期270-279,共10页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12003056,11903066);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA30030500);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2018303)。

摘　　要：基于星载曲面镜的转发式激光时间传递具有零时延、高可靠性和高准确度等优势,但由于缺少合适的卫星试验平台,该技术目前仅限于理论分析,尚未获得有效试验数据及性能评估结果。本文将相邻的两套卫星激光测距(SLR)系统作为试验台站,以激光卫星上搭载的反射器作为转发载荷,开展了转发式激光时间传递试验研究。首先,介绍了转发式激光时间传递的基本原理及理论;然后,对上海天文台SLR系统进行适应性改造,搭建了转发式激光时间传递试验系统,并开展了不同激光卫星的实测试验;最后,分析获得的时间传递结果,研究影响该技术性能的主要因素。试验结果表明:该技术可以获得优于100 ps的精度以及ns的准确度,单向工作模式可行,为转发式激光时间传递的发展提供了有力支撑。Objective Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)has contributed a new prospect to clock comparison and monitoring with higher precision and accuracy.Several laser time transfer projects,such as Time Transfer by Laser Link(T2L2),and Laser Time Transfer in China’s Space Station(CLT),have been conducted over the past 20 years.However,the traditional laser time transfer is limited because of incident light intensity and ambient temperature on onboard hardware.Alternatively,Forward Laser Time Transfer(FLTT)based on curved mirrors is a new type of laser time transfer technology with great application potential,which has the advantages of zero-time delay in the forward process,high reliability,long service life,and high measurement accuracy.However,due to the lack of suitable satellite experimental platforms,experimental data and performance evaluation results of the FLTT have not been obtained.The current research is only limited to theoretical analysis.In this study,we investigated the FLTT with two adjacent SLR systems as the test station and the retroreflectors on the cooperative target satellite as the forward payload.Our research should provide some technical reserves for the curved mirror based FLTT and evaluate the feasibility and performance of FLTT technology.Methods First,we briefly introduced the basic principles and difficulties of FLTT,including one-way and two-way FLTT modes.Furthermore,the clock difference extraction algorithm of a one-way FLTT was improved to make it suitable for laser time transfer scenarios with high precision and accuracy.Then,two sets of FLTT test systems were built through the adaptive transformation of the SLR systems of the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory(SHAO).Among them,we added the precise control circuit of the laser emission epoch,the calibration device of the FLTT system time delay,and the clock difference extraction module.Depending on the two FLTT systems,we carried out one-way and two-way FLTT experiments,homologous clock FLTT experiments for BDS45 and BDS22 satellites,and non

关 键 词：测量 卫星激光测距 激光时间传递 反射器 曲面镜 

分 类 号：P228.5[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]