基于强场太赫兹脉冲的扫描隧道显微镜  

Scanning Tunneling Microscope Based on Strong⁃Field Terahertz Pulse

作　　者：谷建强 安有文 Gu Jianqiang;An Youwen(Center for THz Waves,College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院太赫兹研究中心,天津300072

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第17期13-22,共10页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61975143,62027820)。

摘　　要：纳米尺度上的超快动力学研究对现代纳米技术的应用具有重要的指导意义。太赫兹辐射在电磁波谱中独特的位置使其被广泛应用于各种物性的研究。然而衍射极限的存在限制了太赫兹辐射在纳米和亚纳米尺度上的应用。为了应对这一挑战,太赫兹扫描隧道显微镜(THz-STM)应运而生。通过原子级针尖来增强并束缚住太赫兹辐射,将太赫兹成像的空间分辨率提升了多达6个数量级。为了进一步推动国内THz-STM相关研究的发展,重点介绍了THz-STM的发展历程、基本原理、系统构成以及潜在应用,包括在半导体和单分子中的超快动力学研究,并对该领域的下一步发展进行了展望。Significance The application of modern nanotechnology has been greatly facilitated by the studies of ultrafast dynamics at the nanoscale.Terahertz radiation occupies a unique position in the electromagnetic spectrum,making it a popular choice for the exploration of various physical properties.Through advancement in femtosecond laser technology and terahertz radiation source,the intensity of terahertz radiation has seen a tremendous increase,broadening its range of applications.In recent years,terahertz timedomain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)has achieved remarkable commercial success.Consequently,terahertz radiation has become a key diagnostic tool in the development of new technologies.However,the diffraction limit of hundred microns hinders the use of terahertz radiation at the nano-and sub-nanoscale,thus emphasizing the imperative for the development of terahertz microscopy to further promote terahertz technologies.In 1981,the first scanning tunneling microscope(STM)was conceived in Zurich,enabling the real-time observation of individual atomic arrangements on matter surfaces and elucidating the physical and chemical properties related to the electrons’behavior of the surface.This breakthrough was recognized by the global scientific community as one of the world’s top ten scientific and technological achievements of the 1980s.However,the time-resolution of STM is limited to milliseconds,making it impossible to track ultrafast dynamics in materials.To address this challenge,terahertz scanning tunneling microscopy(THz-STM)was developed.By using an atomic-scale tip to enhance and confine terahertz radiation,the spatial resolution of terahertz imaging can be improved by up to six orders of magnitude.This review outlines the historical progression,fundamental principles,system configuration,and potential applications of THz-STM,including ultrafast dynamics studies in semiconductor surfaces and single molecules.Finally,prospects for future advancements in this field are discussed.Progress THz-STM utilizes quantum tunnel

关 键 词：显微 太赫兹扫描隧道显微术 泵浦探测技术 太赫兹显微技术 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]