GEE平台下多源遥感影像对洪灾的监测  

Monitoring of floods using multi-source remote sensing images on the GEE platform

作　　者：刘小燕 崔耀平[1,2,3] 史志方 付一鸣 闰亚迪 李梦迪 李楠 刘素洁[5] LIU Xiaoyan;CUI Yaoping;SHI Zhifang;FU Yiming;RUN Yadi;LI Mengdi;LI Nan;LIU Sujie(Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;Key Laboratory of Integrative Prevention of Air Pollution and Ecological Security of Henan province,Kaifeng 475004,China;School of Geography and Environmental Science,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;Institute of Geology and Exploration,Henan Geology and Exploration Bureau,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Institute of Geophysics and Spatial Information,Zhengzhou 450009,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,开封475004 [2]河南省大气污染综合防治与生态安全重点实验室,开封475004 [3]河南大学地理与环境学院,开封475004 [4]河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质勘查院,郑州450001 [5]河南省地球物理空间信息研究院,郑州450009

出　　处：《遥感学报》2023年第9期2179-2190,共12页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:42071415);中原青年拔尖人才项目:信阳生态研究院2023年度开放基金(编号:2023XYMS014)。

摘　　要：受限于洪灾时期的天气,用于洪灾评估的遥感数据多为雷达影像或者航拍数据,而众多夜间灯光和光学影像数据在评估洪灾时发挥的作用亟待进一步挖掘。本研究以7—8月份的阜阳为研究对象,基于Sentinel-1、Sentinel-2及Landsat 8等卫星数据,借助遥感大数据平台GEE(Google Earth Engine)提取水体信息,并利用夜间灯光数据建立的夜间灯光总强度TNL(Total Night-time Light)和综合灯光指数CNLI(Compounded Night Light Index)来探讨水体变化与夜间灯光之间的关系,从而监测和评估洪灾动态。结果显示:(1)阜阳7—8月南部水体分布变化明显,特别是蒙洼蓄洪区水体面积明显增加,7月31日水体面积达到最大值323 km2,比洪灾前水体面积多出6倍,随后水体覆盖范围呈下降趋势,该趋势与王家坝开闸蓄洪和泄洪的时间对应。(2)基于夜间灯光指数TNL指数和CNLI指数对阜阳夜间灯光变化进行结合分析,发现灯光指数的变化趋势与水体的变化趋势相反,说明夜间灯光指数可以有效地反映出洪灾的变化过程。(3)对数据较完整的阜阳东部的水体及夜间灯光指数进行结合分析,进一步说明夜间灯光与水体数据均可用来监测洪灾。本研究以阜阳市今年的洪灾为例,拓展了夜间灯光数据和光学影像的应用范围,同时也证实了在经过严格的数据处理后,基于Sentinel-1的雷达影像、Sentinel-2和Landsat 8的光学影像等多源遥感数据均可有效监测洪灾的变化情况,在以后的洪灾监测中发挥重要的作用。Limited by the weather during floods,the remote sensing data used for flood assessments are mostly radar images or aerial data,and the role of numerous night lights and optical image data in flood assessments needs to be further explored.This paper took Fuyang from July to August as the research area,based on the monitoring data of Sentinel-1,Sentinel-2,and Landsat 8 and extracted water body information with the help of Google Earth Engine.This paper used night light data(NPP-VIIRS DNB)to establish the total night-time light(TNL)and compounded night light(CNLI)to explore the relationship between water changes and night lights to monitor and evaluate the effect of floods.Results showed the following:(1)The distribution of water bodies in the southern part of Fuyang changed remarkably from July to August,especially the water bodies in the Mengwa Flood Diversion Project increased substantially.On July 31,the water body area reached the maximum of 323 km²,which was six times larger than the water body area before the flood,and then the coverage of water bodies was declining.This trend corresponded to the time of flood storage and discharge of Wangjiaba gate.(2)The combined analysis of Fuyang night light index TNL index and CNLI index found the change trend of the light index was opposite to that of the water body,indicating the night light index can effectively reflect the changing of flood disasters.(3)Analyzing the water body and night light index of eastern Fuyang with relatively complete data further showed night light and water body data can be used to monitor floods.This paper expanded the application range of night light data and optical images and confirmed that after rigorous data processing,multisource remote sensing data such as radar image based on Sentinel-1,optical image based on Sentinel-2,and Landsat 8 can effectively monitor the change of flood disaster and play an important role in flood monitoring in the future.

关 键 词：Google Earth Engine(GEE) 夜间灯光 多源遥感 洪灾 哨兵 NPP-VIIRS DNB Landsat 

分 类 号：P2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]