激光选区熔化致密度预测模型建立与工艺验证  

Prediction Model and Experimental Verification of Density in Laser Selective Melting

作　　者：张金禹 杨家林[2] 许崇海[1] 刘宁昭 王国伟 秦煜 沈显峰[2] 刘禹 Zhang Jinyu;Yang Jialin;Xu Chonghai;Liu Ningzhao;Wang Guowei;Qin Yu;Shen Xianfeng;Liu Yu(Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Qilu University of Technology,Jinan 250353,China;Institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学机械工程学部,山东济南250353 [2]中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所,四川绵阳621900 [3]江南大学机械工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2023年第9期3239-3249,共11页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52101057);中国工程物理研究院创新发展基金(CX20210005)。

摘　　要：致密度是评价增材制造成型件性能的重要参数之一,而高致密度成型件对应的工艺参数需要大量实验研究获得。针对该问题,建立了基于工艺参数的熔池致密度预测模型,能够有效地预测熔合不良引起的孔隙,进而为激光选区熔化工艺参数的选择和优化提供更多的参考。模型采用有限元分析和数值计算软件获得熔池尺寸以及模拟多层多道次的熔池拼接形貌,并预测工艺参数对应的致密度。同时在熔池预测模型中引入了波动系数、偏转角度以及层间扫描转角,以此兼顾熔池尺寸波动、熔池倾斜以及层间扫描转角对熔池模拟结果的影响。最终,通过HR-2不锈钢选区激光熔化试验对预测模型的可行性进行验证。结果表明,模型预测结果与成型件熔池试验结果吻合较好,致密度预测结果与实测偏差在2%以内。A prediction model of the relative density based on the process parameters was established,which can effectively predict the pores caused by lack of fusion,and provide more reference for the selection and optimization of laser selective melting process parameters.The finite element analysis and numerical calculation software were used to obtain sizes of the melting pool and to simulate the splicing morphology of the melting pool with multiple layers and traces,and thus to predict the relative density under different process parameters.At the same time,the fluctuation coefficient,the deflection angle and the angle of scan vectors rotation between layers were introduced into the prediction model of melting pool to account for the influence of the size fluctuation of the melting pool,the inclination of the melting pool,and the angle of scan vectors rotation between layers on the simulation results of the molten pool.Finally,the feasibility of the prediction model was confirmed by the selective laser melting experiments of HR-2 stainless steel.The results show that the predicted results of the model are in good agreement with the experimental ones of the melting pool of the samples,and the relative density deviation between prediction and the experiment is within 2%.

关 键 词：激光选区熔化 HR-2不锈钢 熔池尺寸 致密度预测 

分 类 号：TG142.71[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]