基于风浪-天文潮-风暴潮耦合与非耦合模型的孟加拉湾浅水区波要素变化响应机制研究  

Study on Response Mechanism of Shallow Water Wave Parameters Changes in the Bengal Based on Coupled and Uncoupled Model of Wind Wave-astronomical Tide-storm Surge

作　　者：吴德安[1] 顾嘉伟 王红川[3] Wu Dean;Gu Jiawei;Wang Hongchuan(College of Harbor,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;JSTI Group,Nanjing 210019,China;Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,南京210098 [2]苏交科集团股份有限公司,南京210019 [3]南京水利科学研究院,南京210098

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2023年第4期599-611,共13页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42176166)。

摘　　要：该文基于ERA-5再分析数据给出的强气旋风暴“安攀”期间孟加拉湾海域的风场及气压场相关数据,利用三重嵌套方式,研究了风暴“安攀”穿越孟加拉湾海域期间浅水区波浪要素在风浪模式与天文潮及风暴潮模式耦合和非耦合情况下波要素计算结果的差异及其变化过程:两模型在计算有效波高差值时,基本上呈现出与水位同步变化的特征,差值总体表现为负值,而在高水位附近及在风暴潮高水位期间,耦合模型计算的有效波高比非耦合模型计算的有效波高要大;两模型在计算平均波周期差值时,基本上呈现出与水位反相的变化趋势,差值总体表现为正值,而在高水位附近及其在风暴潮高水位期间,耦合模型计算的平均波周期比非耦合模型计算的平均波周期要小。并利用交叉谱方法对非风暴潮期间及风暴潮期间,风浪耦合模型及非耦合模型计算波要素变化及其水流、水位和风场耦合影响机制进行了分析,研究发现:各模型计算波要素及其相应差值具有响应于水流、水位和风场的复杂的周期性变化特征,在非风暴潮期间,水流流速对有效波高是更为重要的影响因子,在风暴潮期间水位上升阶段,水流流速对有效波高作用相对较弱,而水位作用则逐渐占主导作用。水位的大小和涨落,以及水流的流速和流向对波浪的平均波周期都有影响,但风场和水深的影响则更为显著直接。风场影响下的天文潮与风暴潮引起的水位和水流变动会较为显著地改变波浪破碎与底部摩擦,从而各动力因子耦合作用变强,导致所计算的浅水波浪要素及其相应差值呈现出规律性的变化响应。Based on the relevant data of wind field and pressure field in the Bay of Bengal during the strong cyclone"Ampang"given by ERA-5 reanalysis data,this study uses the triple nested method to study the coupling and uncoupling of wave elements in the shallow water during the period of"Ampang"crossing the Bay of Bengal in the wind wave mode,astronomical tide and storm surge mode The difference of wave element calculation results and its change process under uncoupled conditions:the difference of effective wave height calculated by the two models basically shows the characteristics of synchronous change with the water level,and the difference is generally negative,while the effective wave height calculated by the coupled model is larger than the effective wave height calculated by the uncoupled model near the high tide level and during the high water level of storm surge;The difference of the average wave period calculated by the two models basically shows a trend change opposite to the tide level,and the difference generally shows a positive value.The average wave period calculated by the coupled model is smaller than the average wave period calculated by the uncoupled model near the high tide level and during the storm surge at high water level.Using the cross spectrum analysis method,the differences of wave elements calculated by wind wave coupling model and uncoupled model and the mechanism of the coupling effect of water flow,water level and wind field during non-storm surge and storm surge are deeply discussed.It is found that the wind wave elements calculated by each model and their diferences have complex periodic change characteristics in response to water flow,water level and wind field.During non-storm surge,the simulation results have little difference.It shows that the flow velocity is a more important influence factor on the effective wave height.In the rising stage of water level during a storm surge,the difference between the two is small and the change trend is close.In this stage,the effect of flow ve

关 键 词：热带气旋 数值模拟 波浪要素 差异性 影响机制 

分 类 号：U691[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]