人红细胞输血相关免疫学概述  

Overview of transfusion-related human red cell immunity

作　　者：向东[1] Xiang Dong(Immunohematology Reference Lab of Shanghai Blood Center,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市血液中心血型参比实验室,上海200051

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2023年第9期677-682,共6页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：红细胞是人体数量最多的细胞,不断为机体细胞提供氧气并清除二氧化碳。自人类发现ABO血型开始,输血技术作为重要保障手段,不断推动现代医疗技术的发展。目前,人类已发现45个红细胞血型系统,超过300种抗原以及更多的亚型和变异型。这些抗原在输血免疫过程中,显示出很大的差异性,一些对输血影响较大的红细胞抗原及其抗体得到了详细的研究,如Rh系统、Kidd系统抗体等。即使如此,血型抗体引起的溶血性输血反应仍难以避免,需要输血工作者在输血策略和检测技术上不断进步。Red blood cells are the body′s most abundant cells,constantly providing oxygen and removing CO2.Since the discovery of ABO blood group,blood transfusion technology,as an important safeguard means,has continuously promoted the development of modern medical technology.Currently,45 erythrocyte blood group systems,more than 300 antigens,and many more subtypes and variants have been identified in humans.These antigens show great differences in the process of transfusion-related immunity,and some red blood cell antigens and their antibodies that have great influence on transfusion have also been studied in detail,such as antibodies to antigens in the Rh and Kidd systems.Even so,the hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by blood group antibodies is still difficult to avoid,and blood transfusion workers need to make continuous progress in transfusion strategies and detection techniques.

关 键 词：红细胞 免疫 血型 输血 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]