高效多孔碳基催化剂的研究进展及其在锌空气电池中应用  

Recent progress in porous carbon-supported materials as efficient oxygen electrocatalysts for zinc-air batteries

作　　者：蔡世昌 安宇 冯亚刚 段磊 张寒露 张猛 吴佳宾 唐浩林 Shichang Cai;Yu An;Yagang Feng;Lei Duan;Hanlu Zhang;Meng Zhang;Jiabin Wu;Haolin Tang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology,Guangdong Laboratory,Xianhu Hydrogen Valley,Foshan 528200,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China [2]Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [3]Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology,Guangdong Laboratory,Xianhu Hydrogen Valley,Foshan 528200,China [4]State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2023年第9期3381-3400,共20页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province (232102240038);the Research Project in School-level of Henan University of Technology (2020BS017);Henan Province Education Department Natural Science Research Item (21A480005)。

摘　　要：近年来,能源短缺问题日益突出,传统化石燃料使用过程中排放的二氧化碳大大加剧了全球变暖.锌空气电池作为一种新型能源,由于其低成本、高比能量密度、高安全性和环境友好等优点而受到广泛关注.然而,锌空气电池的发展速度缓慢,一个主要原因是阴极空气催化剂的催化效率低和稳定性差.本文总结了用于空气阴极的多孔碳基催化剂的最新研究进展.在对锌空气电池进行简要介绍后,从孔结构和杂原子掺杂两方面介绍了碳载体的结构和组成.根据孔径大小:微孔、介孔和大孔,详细介绍了锌空气电池中多孔碳的设计和制备.此外,还根据氮、氟、硫、磷和硼等杂原子类别,分别讨论了杂原子掺杂的合成策略以及相应电池性能.最后,本文对锌空气电池未来发展过程中的挑战和机遇进行了展望.The urgency of the energy shortage has in-tensified,and the emission of carbon dioxide from conven-tional fossil fuels has significantly led to global warming in recent years.Zinc-air batteries(ZABs),as a promising sus-tainable energy source,have garnered widespread attention due to their favorable characteristics,including cost-effec-tiveness,high specific energy density,safety,and environ-mental friendliness.However,the progress of ZAB development has been hindered by the limited catalytic effi-ciency and poor stability of air catalysts at the cathode.This review focuses on the latest advancements and research pro-gress in porous carbon-based oxygen catalysts for air cathodes.It begins with a brief introduction to ZABs,followed by an exploration of the structure and composition of carbon sup-port,emphasizing pore structure and heteroatom doping.The design and preparation of porous carbon support for ZABs are discussed in detail based on pore size,namely,micropores,mesopores,and macropores.Furthermore,various synthesis strategies for heteroatom doping are summarized,along with their impacts on battery performance,categorized by nitro-gen,fluorine,sulfur,phosphorus,and boron.Finally,an outlook on the future challenges and opportunities for ZABs is proposed.

关 键 词：锌空气电池 碳载体 能源短缺问题 碳基催化剂 化石燃料 杂原子掺杂 多孔碳 新型能源 

分 类 号：TM911.41[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TQ426[化学工程]