青海高原青稞农艺性状变化特征及产量形成主要影响因素  

Main Influencing Factors of Yield Formation and Agronomic Characters of Highland Barley in Qinghai Plateau

作　　者：严应存[1,2] 豆青芳 高贵生 校瑞香 李璠[1,2] 李菲[1,2] Yan Yingcun;Dou Qingfang;Gao Guisheng;Xiao Ruixiang;Li Fan;Li Fei(Qinghai Institute of Meteorological Science,Xining 810001;Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation in Qinghai Province,Xining 810001;Menyuan Meteorological Bureau of Qinghai Province,Menyuan 810399;Haibei Animal Husbandry Meteorological Experiment Station of Qinghai Province,Haibei 810200)

机构地区：[1]青海省气象科学研究所,西宁810001 [2]青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,西宁810001 [3]青海省门源县气象局,门源810399 [4]青海省海北牧业气象试验站,海北810299

出　　处：《气象科技进展》2023年第4期80-86,共7页Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：青海省科技厅创新平台建设专项(2022-ZJ-Y11);青海省科技厅项目(2021-ZJ-611)。

摘　　要：利用1980—2021年门源县农业气象站的青稞产量、产量构成及气候资料,采用Pearson相关系数法、主成分分析、积分回归等方法,分析了春青稞产量形成要素和产量间关系及其气候影响关键因素、影响关键时期。结果表明:青稞产量形成与拔节期生长高度、穗粒数、千粒重、茎秆重密切相关,与拔节期的植株密度也有一定的关系。整个生长季中,4月、5月和7月温度对青稞产量的影响为正效应,3月、6月和8月的影响为负效应。5—7月是气温影响产量的关键时段,即出苗—开花阶段。4月是降水影响产量的关键时段,即播种—出苗期。日照时数影响青稞产量的关键阶段在拔节期。制约当地青稞产量形成的关键因素是温度。Based on the highland barley yield,yield composition factors and parallel climate data of the agricultural meteorological station of Menyuan County from 1980 to 2021,the Pearson correlation coefficient method,principal component analysis,and integral regression are used to analyze the relationship between the yield formation factors and yield of spring highland barley,as well as the key climatic factors and the key period of impact.The results show that the yield formation of highland barley is closely related to the growth height,grain number per ear,1000-grain weight and stem weight during the jointing stage.The yield formation is also closely connected with the plant density of the jointing stage.During the whole growing season,the temperature in May,July and April has a positive effect on the yield of highland barley,while the temperature in June,March and August has a negative effect.May to July is the key period for temperature to affect the yield,that is,the emergence-flowering stage.April is the key period for precipitation to affect the yield,that is,the seed-emergence period.The key stage of sunshine hours affecting the yield of highland barley is the jointing stage.The key factor restricting the formation of local highland barley yield is temperature.

关 键 词：春青稞 农艺性状 产量形成 气象影响因素 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学] S162.5