论存货动态质押监管人的义务范围及责任承担  

On the Scope of Obligations and Liability of the Supervisor of Dynamic Pledge of Inventory

作　　者：候曼曼 冉克平[1] Hou Manman;Ran Keping

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《新疆社会科学》2023年第5期116-126,175,共12页Social Sciences in Xinjiang

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“优化市场化法治化国际化营商环境研究”(21AZD030)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：存货动态质押监管人兼具金融媒介和管理职能。质押监管协议性质一般为委托合同;在监管人排他性控制质物的情形下,质押监管协议为混合合同,监管人与质权人之间内含委托合同关系面向,监管人对出质人亦负有保管义务,从而又体现出仓储合同关系面向。监管人过错的判断标准为是否履行了与监管费用和监管能力相当的义务。在监管人单方违约时,监管人基于仓储合同承担的质物价值减少的赔偿金,由质权人基于物上代位权优先受偿;质权人还可以基于委托合同请求监管人赔偿。在监管人与出质人/第三人具有共同侵害质权的主观意思联络情形时,监管人与出质人/第三人承担真正连带责任;反之,则由直接侵害质权的行为人承担主要责任、直接责任。监管人在质权不能清偿的数额和质物减损价值双重限制内,承担与其过错相应的补充责任。Inventory dynamic pledge supervisor has both financial medium and management functions.The nature of the pledge supervision agreement is generally a commission contract;in the case of exclusive control of the pledge by the supervisor,the pledge supervision agreement is a mixed contract,the supervisor and the pledgee contains the commission contract relationship between the supervisor and the pledgee,the supervisor of the pledgor is also responsible for the custody of the obligation,thus reflecting the warehouse contract relationship.Supervisor fault judgment standard is whether to fulfill the obligation with the supervision cost and supervision ability.In the event of unilateral breach of contract by the supervisor,the compensation for the reduction of the value of the pledge assumed by the supervisor based on the storage contract shall be compensated by the pledgee on the basis of the right of subrogation in rem in priority;the pledgee may also request the supervisor to compensate for the compensation on the basis of the entrustment contract.If the supervisor and the pledgor/third party have the subjective meaning of joint infringement of the pledge right,the supervisor and the pledgor/third party shall bear the true joint and several liability;on the contrary,the perpetrator of the direct infringement of the pledge right shall bear the main liability and direct liability.The custodian bears supplementary liability corresponding to his fault within the double limit of the amount of the pledge that cannot be satisfied and the value of the pledge that has been diminished.

关 键 词：存货动态质押 供应链金融 质押监管 义务范围 责任承担 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]