青海省海南藏族自治州女性尿失禁情况及危险因素分析  

Analysis of urinary incontinence and its risk factors among women in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province

作　　者：林虎梅 陆雅君 雅拉热措 沈玮 王清 班玛措 刘惠萍 邹兴荣 王婧 吴洁 LIN Humei;LU Yajun;YA Larecuo;SHEN Wei;WANG Qing;BAN Macuo;LIU Huiping;ZOU Xingrong;WANG Jing;WU Jie(Department of Women's Health Care,Maternal and Child Health Care and Famliy Planning Centre of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture 8130o0,China;Department of Women's Health Care,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Jiangsu Provance Hospital/Jiangsu Woman and Children Health Hospital,Jiangsu Nanjing 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省海南州妇幼保健计划生育服务中心妇女保健科,青海海南藏族自治州813000 [2]南京医科大学第一附属医院/江苏省人民医院/江苏省妇幼保健院妇女保健科,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2023年第9期41-46,共6页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的分析青海省海南藏族自治州已婚女性尿失禁(UI)的患病情况和影响因素。方法选择2020年8月至9月海南藏族自治州5个县(共和、贵德、贵南、同德、兴海)879例常住已婚女性作为研究对象,进行病史采集、体格检查、盆底肌力评估,采用多因素Logistic回归分析尿失禁发病的相关因素。结果本研究尿失禁患病率为53.70%(472/879),其中压力性尿失禁占92.37%(436/472),合并盆腔脏器脱垂(POP)者达74.58%(353/472);单因素分析显示尿失禁组多在兴海和贵德地区、年龄较大、体质量指数较高、产次较多、多阴道分娩、多伴有慢性咳嗽、长期便秘及合并POP,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值介于5.117~83.340之间,P<0.05);尿失禁组Ⅰ型肌肌力和Ⅱ型肌肌力下降比例较高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为14.571、15.058,P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,地区(兴海和贵德)、年龄超过30岁、产次2次及以上、有长期便秘史为尿失禁发生的危险因素(OR值介于2.577~10.717之间,P<0.05)。结论青海省海南州已婚女性中尿失禁患病率较高,以压力性尿失禁为主,且常合并POP,其危险因素包括高龄、多产次及长期便秘等。Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of urinary incontinence(UI)among married women in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province.Methods A total of 879 married women with permanent residence in five counties of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(Gonghe,Guide,Guinan,Tongde and Xinghai)were selected as the study subjects from August to September 2020.The medical history taking,physical examination,and pelvic floor muscle strength assessment were conducted.Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to analyze the related factors of UI.Results The prevalence of Ul in this study was 53.70%(472/879),of which 92.37%(436/472)were stress incontinence,and 74.58%(353/472)were complicated with pelvic organ prolapse(POP).Univariate analysis showed that the UI group was mostly in Xinghai and Guide,older,with higher BMI,more parity,more vaginal deliveries,more chronic cough,long-term constipation and with POP,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.117-83.340,P<0.05).The UI group had higher proportions of decreased in type I and type II muscle strength,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=14.571-15.058,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that region(Xinghai and Guide),age over 30 years,giving birth twice or more,and a history of longterm constipation were risk factors for the development of UI(OR=2.577-10.717,P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of UI among married women is relatively high in Hainan Prefecture,Qinghai Province,with a predominance of stress UI,and often combined with POP and its risk factors include advanced age,more parity and chronic constipation.

关 键 词：尿失禁 压力性尿失禁 盆底脏器脱垂 青海省 影响因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]