1872年上海牛瘟与公共租界工部局的因应  

The 1872 Shanghai Rinderpest and the Response of the Municipal Council in International Settlement

作　　者：杜赟梅 陈锦涛 Du Yunmei;Chen Jintao(College of Liberal Arts,Jinan University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000;Department of History,Fudan Vnirersity,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学文学院,广东广州1510000 [2]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《古今农业》2023年第3期48-57,共10页Ancient and Modern Agriculture

摘　　要：近代以降,随着上海开埠和租界建立,本地牛肉市场开始形成并迅速发展。由于管理的失当和对牛瘟病理的不了解,自1868年开始,上海频繁发生牛瘟。1872年,法国进口牛群携带的病毒传入公共租界,由此引发了上海开埠以来规模较大的一次牛瘟。海关医官亨德森等人对此次牛瘟进行了详细的记录,推动工部局采取政策以遏止疫情蔓延。此外,疫情期间,还发生了反映华洋矛盾的明记控基尔案。这一案件的败诉,促使工部局采取措施进一步扩大市政权力,以应对突发的公共事件。这亦在客观上推动了近代上海公共卫生的规范化。In modern times,with the opening as a commercial port of Shanghai and the estab-lishment of the Settlement,the local beef market begun to form and developed rapidly.Due to mismanagement and lack of understanding of the pathology of rinderpest,rinderpest oc-curred frequently in Shanghai since 1868,and in 1872,the rinderpest virus carried by impor-ted French cattles was introduced into the Settlement,thus causing one of the larger rinder-pests since the opening of Shanghai.Customs Medical Officer Edward Henderson and others kept detailed records of this rinderpest and reported it to the Municipal Council of the Settle-ment,pushing the Municipal Council to adopt policies to curb the spread of the epidemic.At the same time,the epidemic was accompanied by a Chinese and foreign conflict in the case of Mingji vs.Keele.The loss of this case prompted the Municipal Council to take measures to further expand municipal powers to respond to public emergencies.This also contributed to the standardization of public health in modern Shanghai.

关 键 词：1872年上海牛瘟 海关医官 公共租界工部局 明记控基尔案 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K252[政治法律—中外政治制度] S-09[历史地理—历史学]