不同时间尺度下温室西瓜蒸腾与环境因子关系  

Relationship between transpiration of greenhouse watermelon and environmental factors at different time scales

作　　者：原桂霞 张涛 温江丽 YUAN Guixia;ZHANG Tao;WEN Jiangli(Beijing Water Science&Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Surround Line Management of Beijing South-to-North Water Diversion Project,Beijing 100176,China;Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture,Beijing 102442,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048 [2]北京市南水北调环线管理处,北京100176 [3]北京农业职业学院,北京102442

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2023年第10期1051-1057,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFD1000300);北京农业职业学院科技创新项目(XY-YF-22-07)。

摘　　要：为了研究温室无土栽培西瓜在不同时间尺度及不同灌水量条件下的蒸腾量(ET)和变化规律,从而实现水分精准化管理,以小型西瓜为试材,研究了不同时间尺度下灌水上限占基质持水量的95%~100%(T1),75%~80%(T2)和55%~60%(T3)3种灌水处理西瓜ET的变化规律及其与环境因子的关系.结果表明:不同灌水处理温室西瓜典型日ET峰值从大到小依次为T1,T2,T3.不同时间尺度下,影响不同灌水处理的西瓜ET的主要因素不完全相同,影响程度也不同,但是太阳辐射(R_(S))始终是影响不同灌水处理西瓜ET的主要环境因子.随着时间尺度的增大,影响西瓜ET的主要因素逐渐减少,而不同灌水处理西瓜ET回归模型显著性逐渐增大;用环境因子估算温室西瓜ET时,小时尺度下还需结合采用直接测定的方法,而在较大尺度下,可以通过对温室少量环境因子直接监测从而进行估算.Clarifying the transpiration(ET)and change law of watermelon in soilless cultivation in greenhouse under different time scales and different irrigation conditions,thus to realize precise water management.Small watermelon was used as the test material,and the changes in ET levels and their relationship with environmental factors in watermelon under three irrigation treatments,namely 95%-100%(T1),75%-80%(T2),and 55%-60%(T3),were studied at different time scales.The results show that the peak value of ET on typical days from large to small is T1,T2 and T3.Under different temporal scales,the main factors affecting the ET of watermelon under different irrigation treatments are not exactly the same,and the degree of influence is also different,but solar radiation(R_(S))is the main environmental factor affecting the ET of watermelon under different irrigation treatments.With the increase of the time scale,the main factors affecting ET of watermelon gradually decrease,while the significance of ET regression model of watermelon under different irrigation treatments gradually increases.When estimating the transpiration of greenhouse watermelon with environmental factors,direct measurement method should be used at the hourly scale.On a larger scale,it can be estimated by directly monitoring a few environmental factors in greenhouse.

关 键 词：小型西瓜 时间尺度 无土栽培 作物蒸腾 通径分析 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]