阴山北麓塔布河流域产水量时空变化规律研究  

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Water Yield in the Tabu River Basin of the Northern Yinshan Mountain

作　　者：张鑫建 龙胤慧[3,4] 廖梓龙[3,4] 索梅芹 ZHANG Xin-jian;LONG Yin-hui;LIAO Zi-long;SUO Mei-qin(School of Water and Hydroelectric Power,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei Province,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Conservancy,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,HebeiProvince,China;Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station,China Institute ofWater Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral AreaMinistry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北工程大学河北省智慧水利重点实验室,河北邯郸056038 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100038 [4]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2023年第10期98-107,共10页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52179019,61873084);中国水科院科研专项(MK2021J01);内蒙古科技计划项目(MK0143A012022);内蒙古重点研发和成果转化计划(2022YFHH0024)。

摘　　要：塔布河是内蒙古高原西部流域面积最大的内流河,也是北方生态屏障核心区,研究其水源供给服务对当地农牧业发展和生态环境保护具有重要意义。基于InVEST模型和情景分析法,揭示近20年塔布河流域产水量的时空格局及其对降水量变化和土地利用变化的响应规律,定量评价退耕还草工程对研究区水源涵养的影响。研究结果表明:2000-2020年,塔布河流域土地利用以耕地向草地转变为主,退耕还草显著促进产水量的增加;塔布河流域产水量年际呈波动减少趋势,多年平均产水总量为7752万m^(3),多年平均产水深度为8.63 mm;在空间上产水量整体为南多北少,山丘区产水量显著大于山间盆地平原区和一般平原区,产水量显著增加的类型是草地;流域产水量受降水变化影响较大,受土地利用变化影响较小,在月季尺度上与气温和潜在蒸散量存在较为明显关系。The Tabu River Basin is not only the largest inland river in the western Inner Mongolia Plateau,but also the core area of the northern ecological barrier in China.It is of great significance that study the water supply service in the Tabu River basin,which makes a contribution to the development of local agriculture and animal husbandry and the protection of the ecological environment.In this study,based on the water quantity module of the InVEST model and the scenario analysis method,the response principle of water yield and water depth,which include spatiotemporal pattern of the precipitation variation and land utilization change,were revealed from 2000 to 2020 in the Tabu river basin.After that,under the implementation of returning farmland to forest and grassland,the effects of land use or cover change on water conservation were evaluated quantificationally in the study area.The results showed that:from 2000 to 2020,the land use in the Tabu River Basin changed from cultivated land to grassland,and the conversion of farmland to grassland significantly promoted the increase of water yield.The annual water yield in the Tabu River Basin showed a fluctuating decreasing trend with an average annual water yield of 7752×10^(4) m3 and an average annual water depth of 8.63 mm.In space,the overall water yield is more in the south than in the north,the water yield in the hilly area is significantly greater than that in the intermountain basin plain area and the general plain area,and the type of significant increase in water yield is grassland.The water yield of the basin is greatly affected by precipitation change and less affected by land use change,and there is a significant relationship with temperature and potential evapotranspiration at the monthly and seasonal scales.

关 键 词：InVEST模型 产水量 土地利用 降水量 塔布河流域 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]