贵州引种晒黄烟种质资源的鉴定与评价  

Identification and Evaluation of Germplasm Resources of Introduced Yellow Sun-cured Tobacco in Guizhou

作　　者：杨春元 孙希文 罗贞宝 叶定勇 喻奇伟 吴学巧 林世锋 YANG Chunyuan;SUN Xiwen;LUO Zhenbao;YE Dingyong;YU Qiwei;WU Xueqiao;LIN Shifeng(Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;Bijie Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第10期1-11,共11页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202101032(JY-09)];中国烟草总公司贵州省公司重大专项(2022520000240037);中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2020XM07);贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司重点研发项目(2022520500240185)。

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定评价不同来源晒黄烟种质资源,筛选出适宜贵州不同生态区的优质晒黄烟品种,为其在生产上的推广应用提供依据。【方法】采用随机区组试验方法,研究青梗、千层塔、腾冲大柳叶、羊角烟、连选1、81-26、湖北大黄烟、寸三皮、K16(CK_(1))和K17(CK_(2))10个引种晒黄烟主要农艺性状、经济性状、化学成分含量、抗病性、烟叶外观质量及感官质量的变化。【结果】10个晒黄烟品种除寸三皮和千层塔外大田主要生育期均较为适宜;腾冲大柳叶、湖北大黄烟和寸三皮的株型均为塔形,其余品种均为筒形;青梗的叶形为卵圆形,腾冲大柳叶为椭圆形,81-26和寸三皮均为长卵圆形,其余品种均宽椭圆形;羊角烟和寸三皮的叶色为深绿,青梗和千层塔为绿,81-26、K16和K17为浅绿,腾冲大柳叶、连选1和湖北大黄烟为黄绿;各品种株高、有效叶数、茎围、节距、腰叶长和腰叶宽分别为123.5~239.7 cm、11.7~20.8片、10.8~13.8 cm、3.0~6.6 cm、55.1~78.1 cm和32.4~48.7 cm,分别以青梗、K16(CK_(1))、81-26和湖北大黄烟最高/多/大/长/宽,寸三皮、千层塔和腾冲大柳叶最矮/少/小/短/窄。气候性斑点病、花叶病和白粉病均未发生。不同品种产量、均价和产值分别为76.48~162.95 kg/667m^(2)、12.11~22.64元/kg和1072.50~3681.05元/667m^(2),依次为寸三皮>连选1>81-26>K16(CK_(1))>K17(CK_(2))>青梗>千层塔>湖北大黄烟>羊角烟>腾冲大柳叶、连选1>腾冲大柳叶>寸三皮>K16(CK_(1))>湖北大黄烟>K17(CK_(2))>青梗>81-26>羊角烟>千层塔和连选1>寸三皮>K16(CK_(1))>K17(CK_(2))>81-26>青梗>腾冲大柳叶>湖北大黄烟>千层塔>羊角烟。烟碱含量适宜的品种为湖北大黄烟和羊角烟,总糖和还原糖含量适宜的品种均为青梗和K17(CK_(2)),总氮含量适宜的品种有千层塔、腾冲大柳叶、羊角烟、连选1、湖北大黄烟和寸三皮,钾含量适宜的品种有千层塔、腾冲大柳叶和湖北【Objective】The germplasm resource of yellow sun-cured tobacco from different origins was identified and evaluated to screen the high-quality varieties of yellow sun-cured tobacco suitable for different ecological areas in Guizhou,and to provide support for their popularization and application in production.【Method】Randomized block test method was used to study the changes of major agronomic traits,economic traits,chemical component content,disease resistance,appearance quality and sensory quality of Qinggeng,Qiancengta,Tengchong Daliuye,Yangjiaoyan,Lianxuan 1,81-26,Hubei Dahuangyan,Cunsanpi,K16(CK_(1)),and K17(CK_(2)).【Result】The yellow sun-cured tobacco varieties(except Cunsanpi and Qiancengta)had suitable growth periods.The shape of Tengchong Daliuye,Hubei Dahuangyan and Cunsanpi was tower-shaped,while that of other varieties was cylindrical.The leaf shape of Qinggeng was ovoid,the leaf shape of Tengchong Daliuye was oval,the leaf shape of 81-26 and Cunsanpi was long-ovoid,and other varieties was wide-ellipse.The leaf of Yangjiaoyan and Cunsanpi was dark green,while that of Qinggeng and Qiancengta was green,81-26,K16 and K17 was light green,and Tengchong Daliuye,Lianxuan 1 and Hubei Dahuangyan was yellow-green.The plant height,the number of effective leaf,stem girth,pitch distance,the length of lumbar leaf and the width of lumbar leaf were 123.5-239.7 cm,11.7-20.8,10.8-13.8 cm,3.0-6.6 cm,55.1-78.1 cm and 32.4-48.7 cm,respectively,and Qinggeng,K16(CK_(1)),81-26 and Hubei Dahuangyan was the highest/most/biggest/longest/widest,while Cunsanpi,Qiancengta and Tengchong Daliuye was the lowest/least/smallest/shortest/narrowest.Climatic spot disease,foliar disease and powdery mildew on leaves did not occur.The yields,average prices and output values of different varieties ranged from 76.48 to 162.95 kg/667m^(2),12.11 to 22.64 yuan/kg and 1072.50 to 3681.05 yuan/667m^(2),respectively,in the order of Cunsanpi>Lianxuan 1>81-26>K16(CK_(1))>K17(CK_(2))>Qinggeng>Qiancengta>Hubei Dahuangyan>Yangjiaoyan>Tengchong Da

关 键 词：晒黄烟 种质资源 农艺性状 经济性状 抗病性 化学成分 感官评吸质量 

分 类 号：S572.022[农业科学—烟草工业]