中国287个城市创新的空间分异与溢出效应  

Spatial Differentiation and Spillover Effect of Urban Innovation Space in China:Based on the Panel Data of 287 Prefecture-level Cities

作　　者：杨轩宇 任胜钢[2] 靳海攀[1,2] YANG Xuanyu;REN Shenggang;JIN Haipan(School of Economics and Management,Changsha Normal University,Changsha 410199,Hunan,China;Business School,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙师范学院经济管理学院,湖南长沙410199 [2]中南大学商学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《经济地理》2023年第9期52-61,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71974205);湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(22A0724、22B1109、22B1098);湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会项目(XSP2023JJC043);中南大学研究生调查研究项目(2018dcyj030)。

摘　　要：当前中国经济正处于由要素驱动向创新驱动转变阶段,城市作为创新的载体在其中发挥着重要作用。文章从实证角度研究中国城市层面较长序列的创新空间集聚与溢出效应。以2005—2020年中国地级及以上城市的创新水平为研究对象,采用变异系数、基尼系数、赫芬达尔指数和空间自相关指数等方法,考察中国城市创新的空间演化特征,并选择空间杜宾模型,探讨中国城市创新的影响因素,提出促进创新的政策建议。研究表明:(1)中国城市创新整体的空间差异和创新集中度呈下降趋势,南北方城市创新水平差异明显。(2)中国城市创新的空间Moran’s I值具有非线性距离衰减特征,表现为下降一段距离后略有回升之后继续下降;Moran’s I指数呈现出显著的高高—低低正向空间相关性,指数相对较低,但总体上呈增加趋势。(3)空间杜宾模型分析显示中国城市创新因子均具有显著正向影响,创新投入因子具有正向空间溢出效应、创新环境具有负向空间溢出效应,创新规模溢出效应尚不显著。据此,文章提出今后应加大城市创新投资和环境改善、推进城市间协同发展、促进城市创新集聚和扩散的发展策略。China is undergoing a transition from factor-driven development to innovation-driven development,in which cities play an important role as carriers of innovation.This study empirically examines the agglomeration and spillover effects of innovation space at the city level in China over a relatively long time series from 2005 to 2020.Using the variation coefficient,the Gini coefficient,the Herfindahl index and the spatial autocorrelation index,this paper investigates the spatial evolution characteristics of urban innovation in Chinese cities.It also uses the spatial Durbin model to explore the factors influencing urban innovation and provides policy recommendations to promote innovation.It shows that:1)The overall spatial differences and concentration of innovation in Chinese cities have decreased,but the innovation level between northern and southern cities remains significantly different.2) The spatial Moran's I value of Chinese urban innovation exhibits a non-linear distance decay characteristic,showing a slight rebound after a decline over a certain distance.The Moran's I index displays significant high-high and low-low positive spatial correlation,with a relatively low index but an increasing trend overall.3) Spatial Durbin model analysis indicates that all innovation factors have a significant positive impact on urban innovation,with innovation input factors showing a positive spatial spillover effect,innovation environment showing a negative spatial spillover effect,and innovation scale spillover effect not yet significant.It puts forward some development strategies:innovation and environmental improvement,promoting coordinated development between cities,and promoting urban innovation agglomeration and diffusion in the future.

关 键 词：创新发展 创新水平 南方和北方 协同发展 空间自相关 空间集聚 空间溢出 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济]