基于激光距离选通成像的透火透烟侦察技术  

Technology of fire reconnaissance through fire and smoke based on laser range gate imaging

作　　者：李紫婷 储玉喜 陈晔 Li Ziting;Chu Yuxi;Chen Ye(Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Tianjin 300381,China;Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building,Ministry of Emergency Management,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology,Tianjin 300381,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [2]工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室,天津300381 [3]天津市消防安全技术重点实验室,天津300381

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2023年第9期1201-1204,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：应急管理部天津消防研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(2022SJ26,2022SJ25)。

摘　　要：针对大火浓烟环境下能见度极低而造成消防员搜救、施救困难的现状,提出了基于激光距离选通成像的火场透火透烟侦察技术,开展了木垛火、正庚烷火透火实体试验和密闭空间透烟试验,可实现纵深1.5 m火焰的穿透、浓烟环境下能见度提升3倍,解决了目前由于表/界面反射、背向散射严重而无法穿透火焰浓烟的难题。基于试验结果,探讨了距离选通成像在消防可视化侦察及搜救中的应用前景,进一步明确了该研究领域未来的发展方向。基于激光距离选通成像技术研发的火场侦察搜救装备,可为消防救援人员开展建筑受限空间火灾的内攻救援及撤离提供“透视眼”,有望切实提高大火浓烟以及夜间环境下初战控火、快速内攻及人员搜救能力。In view of the difficulty of firefighters′search and rescue due to the extremely low visibility in the dense smoke environment of fires,we proposed a fire penetration and smoke detection technology based on laser range gate imaging,and carried out physical experiments on imaging through wood pallets,n-heptane fires and smoke in confined spaces,which can image through 1.5 m longitudinal flame and improve the visibility in dense smoke environment by 3 times,solving the current problem that fires and smoke cannot be penetrated due to surface/interface reflection and serious backward scattering.Based on the experimental results,the application prospect of laser range gate imaging in firefighting visualization reconnaissance and rescue is discussed,and the future development direction of this research field is further clarified.The future development of fire reconnaissance and rescue equipment based on laser range gate imaging technology provides"perspective eyes"for fire rescue personnel,which is expected to effectively improve the fire control,rapid internal attack and personnel rescue capabilities in the initial battle and night environment.

关 键 词：透火成像 透烟成像 消防侦察 激光 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TP242[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]