多效唑和两种生物刺激素对基质培番茄生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Paclobutrazol and Two Biostimulants on Growth,Yield and Quality of Tomato in Substrate Cultivation

作　　者：方雪娟 宋梦圆 高丽红 田永强 FANG Xuejuan;SONG Mengyuan;GAO Lihong;TIAN Yongqiang(College of Horticulture,China Agricultural University,Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Development Regulation for Protected Vegetables,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学园艺学院,设施蔬菜生长发育调控北京市重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2023年第10期67-73,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：北京市设施蔬菜创新团队项目(BAIC01-2023)。

摘　　要：以千禧为试验材料,探究了多效唑(D)和两种生物刺激素[氨基酸类(A)和海藻类(H)]对基质培番茄生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:多效唑、生物刺激素及二者复配(DA、DH)降低了株高,增加了茎粗和叶片数,缩短了番茄果实的成熟时间;所有处理均提高了番茄第1穗果的产量,DH处理提高了单株产量;D、A、DA和DH处理均提高了番茄植株下部果实的可溶性糖含量,而DA处理提高了中部果实的可溶性糖含量;所有处理均提高了下部和中部果实的糖酸比,而对上部果实的所有品质指标无显著性影响。总的来看,多效唑浸种或在苗期喷施生物刺激素可有效改善基质培番茄植株后续的生长,使果实提前成熟,多效唑与生物刺激素复配使用更有利于提高番茄的产量和品质。Taking‘Qianxi’as test material,this experiment explored the effects of paclobutrazol(D)and 2 kinds of biostimulant〔amino acids(A)and seaweeds(H)〕on tomato growth,yield and quality in substrate cultivation.The results showed that paclobutrazol,biostimulant and their combination(DA、DH)had decreased the plant height,increased stem diameter and leaf number,and shortened the ripening time of tomato fruit.All treatments had improved the yield of the first ear of tomato.DH treatment increased the yield per plant.All D,A,DA and DH treatments had raised the soluble sugar content in fruits at the lower part of tomato plant,while DA treatment increased the soluble sugar content in fruits at the middle part.All treatments had improved the sugar acid ratio in fruits at the lower and middle parts,but had no significant effect on all quality indexes of fruits at the upper part.On the whole,soaking seeds in paclobutrazol or spraying biostimulant during tomato seedling stage can effectively improve the subsequent growth of tomato plant in substrate cultivation,make tomato fruit mature in advance.The compound use of paclobutrazol and biostimulant is more conducive to improve tomato yield and quality.

关 键 词：番茄 产量 品质 多效唑 生物刺激素 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]