井渠轮灌条件下永济灌域地下水环境的变化研究  

Assessing Groundwater Environment Changes in the Yongji Irrigation District under Rotational Well-canal Irrigation

作　　者：王丽丽 丁雪华[1] 韩天凯 袁宏颖 WANG Lili;DING Xuehua;HAN Tiankai;YUAN Hongying(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Water Resources Development Center,Hohhot 010020,China;Bayannaoer Institute of Water Resources Sciences,Bayannaoer 015100,C hina)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区水利事业发展中心,呼和浩特010020 [3]巴彦淖尔市水利科学研究所,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2023年第10期91-97,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52069023,52179037)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索推广使用地表水-地下水-地表水(QJQ)灌溉模式对河套灌区井渠双灌区农田地下水环境的影响。【方法】在2018—2019年对河套灌区永济灌域井渠双灌区开展区域监测,通过监测布置在灌域内的13眼观测井的地下水埋深、全盐量、总氮和总磷,研究其空间分布规律,分析区域地下水环境的变化。【结果】使用QJQ灌溉模式灌域地下水平均埋深减小0.15 m,平均变幅增加0.26 m,变异系数增加1.13%,对上游段地下水埋深影响最为明显;灌域高全盐量地下水区域面积减小,上游东南部和下游西北部地下水全盐量明显下降,全盐量由500~5000mg/L波动降低至500~3500 mg/L;地下水中氮磷养分小幅下降,总氮量大于2 mg/L面积明显减少,平均减少了14.38%,地下水中总氮量在1~2 mg/L之间变化;总磷量小于0.09 mg/L的面积平均增加了29.04%,大于0.13 mg/L的面积平均减小了15.58%。【结论】通过推广QJQ的轮灌制度,增强了灌区地下水的利用效率,也增强了地下水的循环,改善了地下水水质,对缓减水资源短缺有积极作用。【Objective】Yongji,located in the Hetao Irrigation district,has implemented a strategy of alternating between groundwater and surface water for irrigation to conserve water resources.This paper presents the outcomes of an experimental investigation into the repercussions of this practice on groundwater table change.【Method】The experiment was carried out in the Jingqu area of the Yongji irrigation district from 2018 to 2019.It involved measurement of the changes in groundwater depth,total salt content,total nitrogen,and phosphorus levels at 13 boreholes distributed across the region.We analyzed their spatial distribution and overall impact on groundwater dynamics.【Result】The alternating use of surface and groundwater for irrigation led to a reduction in the average groundwater depth by 0.15 meters.Simultaneously,it increased the average variation by 0.26 meters,and the coefficient of variation for groundwater depth by 1.13%,with the upper reaches of the irrigation district most affected.The decrease in irrigation area resulted in a reduction in areas with high salt content in groundwater,notably in the southeast of the upper reaches and northwest of the lower reaches,where the total salt content was reduced from 500 to 5000 mg/L and 500 to 3500 mg/L,respectively.Alternate irrigation also reduced the area with total nitrogen concentration exceeding 2 mg/L by an average of 14.38%,in addition to a marginal reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater.The total nitrogen content in groundwater varied between 1 and 2 mg/L,while the area with total phosphorus content below 0.09 mg/L and 0.13 mg/L increased by 29.04%and 15.58%,respectively.【Conclusion】Alternate groundwater and surface water for irrigation can improve the utilization efficiency of groundwater and groundwater circulation.It also improved groundwater quality and alleviated the shortage of water resources in this region.

关 键 词：井渠轮灌 地下水环境 空间分布 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]