从碲碱渣中分离硒回收碲  

Separation of Selenium from Tellurium Alkali Residue to Recover Tellurium

作　　者：许晔 李成 李中林 张伟光 李义兵[1,2] 蒋学先[2,3] XU Ye;LI Cheng;LI Zhonglin;ZHANG Weiguang;LI Yibing;JIANG Xuexian(Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541000,Guangxi,China;Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials,Ministry of Education,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541000,Guangxi,China;Department of Metallurgical and Resources Engineering,Guilin University of Technology(Nanning Campus),Nanning 530000,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学材料科学与工程学院,广西桂林541000 [2]桂林理工大学有色金属与材料加工新技术教育部重点实验室,广西桂林541000 [3]桂林理工大学(南宁分校)冶金与资源工程系,南宁530000

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2023年第11期56-62,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(重大专项)(桂科AA22068078-4);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52204358);广西科技基地和人才专项项目(桂科AD22035105);国家环境保护矿冶资源利用与污染控制重点实验室开放基金课题资助项目(HB202105)。

摘　　要：广西某有色金属冶炼企业产铜阳极泥,在回收贵金属时产生的碲碱渣含碲量高达32%,现有工艺碲回收率低。针对在阳极泥熔炼生产过程中产出的碲碱渣开展湿法浸出试验,采用水浸-H_(2)SO_(4)中和-HONH_(3)Cl沉硒-Na_(2)SO_(3)还原工艺处理碲碱渣,考察了水浸时间、液固比、温度对碲浸出效率的影响,同时探究盐酸羟胺沉硒温度、时间、盐酸羟胺用量对硒分离效果的影响。结果表明:水浸时间1 h、液固比4、温度55℃时,碲浸出效率达到最佳;盐酸羟胺沉硒温度80℃、沉硒时间2 h、盐酸羟胺为理论用量的3倍时,沉硒效果达到最佳,其分离率>99.99%,回收碲粉纯度高达99%以上。该工艺可以有效地分离硒回收碲,具有过程简单、生产环境安全、成本低,高效率的特点,具有产业化前景。In a non-ferrous metal smelting enterprise in Guangxi,the tellurium alkaline slag produced during the recovery of precious metals from copper anode slime has a high tellurium content of 32%,and the recovery rate of tellurium of the existing process is low.The wet leaching test of tellurium alkaline slag produced in the process of anode slime smelting was carried out.The process of water leaching,H_(2)SO_(4) neutralization,selenium precipitation with hydroxylamine hydrochloride(HONH 3Cl),and Na 2SO 3 reduction was used to treat the tellurium alkaline residue.The effects of water leaching time,liquid-solid ratio(L S)and temperature on the leaching efficiency of tellurium were investigated.The effects of temperature,time and dosage of HONH_(3)Cl on the separation of selenium were also investigated.The results show that leaching efficiency of tellurium is the best under the conditions including leaching time of 1 h,L S=4,and temperature of 55℃.When the temperature is 80℃,the time is 2 h,and the dosage of HONH_(3) Cl is 3 times of the theoretical value,the effect of selenium precipitation is the best.The separation rate is 99.99%above,and the purity of recovered tellurium powder is 99%above.The process can effectively separate selenium to recover tellurium,and has the advantages of simple process,safe production environment,low cost and high efficiency,and has the prospect of industrialization.

关 键 词：碲碱渣 硒分离 回收碲 浸出率 分离率 

分 类 号：TF843[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]