刑法再法典化的法理与蓝图  

Jurisprudence and Blueprint for the Re-Codification of Criminal Law

作　　者：姜涛 Jiang Tao

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《中国法学》2023年第5期27-48,共22页China Legal Science

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金重大项目“数字经济的刑事安全风险防范体系建构研究”(项目批准号:21&ZD209)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：我国现行刑法典及修正案在内在体系与外在体系上都存在问题,需要通过再法典化予以消解。刑法再法典化应以刑法法理为根本遵循,制定兼具实质理性与形式理性的永续模式的刑法典。这不仅需要从实质理性上实现法典编纂的系统性,坚守合宪性刑法立法观,正确处理禁止过度侵害与禁止保护不足所面临的重大争议,警惕和预防过度犯罪化悖论,而且需要从形式理性上确保法典编纂的多元性,形成“刑法、附属刑法、特别刑法”的三元结构。刑法总则再法典化涉及价值体系、定罪体系、犯罪分类体系、刑罚体系等四大体系的完善,后三大体系均在价值体系下统一塑造成为一个融贯的整体。刑法分则再法典化需要重点关注四类关键问题:借助刑法解法典化形成刑法渊源的多元存在;按照“人前物后”原则设置刑法分则结构体系;立足于时间刑法学实现罪刑关系的合理配置;改进“章少节多”“同质分立”的体系。There are problems between the internal system and the external system between the current Criminal Code and its amendments,which need to be eliminated through re-codification.The re-codification of criminal law should be based on the principles of criminal law and formulate a criminal code with a sustainable model of both substantive rationality and formal rationality.It is not only necessary to achieve the systematization of code compilation from the substantive rationality,adhere to the constitutional legislative view of criminal law,correctly deal with the major disputes faced by the prohibition of excessive infringement and the prohibition of inadequate protection,and be alert to and prevent the paradox of excessive criminalization,but also necessary to ensure the diversity of codification from a formal rationality perspective,forming a ternary structure of criminal law,subsidiary criminal law,and special criminal law'.The re-codification of the general provisions of criminal law involves the improvement of four systems,namely,the value system,the conviction system,the crime classification system,and the penalty system,and the latter three systems are unified and shaped into a cohesive whole under the value system.The re-codification of the specific provisions of criminal law needs to focus on four key issues:forming the existence of multiple sources of criminal law through the codification of criminal law;establishing the specific structure system of criminal law based on the principle of'people before things';realizing the reasonable allocation of the relationship between crime and punishment based on the theory of time criminal law;improving the system of'fewer chapters and more sections'and‘homogeneous separation'.

关 键 词：刑法典 刑法再法典化 刑法法理 永续模式 刑法立法观 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]