植物根际细菌HQ1-2的根际定殖与土壤微生态调节及枯萎病防治  

Rhizosphere Colonization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria HQ1-2 and Regulation Effects of Soil Microecology and Control Effects on the Fusarium Wilt

作　　者：陈梦多 胡春艳 马肖静[1] 何梦菡 沈虎生 王艺茹 朴凤植[1] 申顺善[2] CHEN Mengduo;HU Chunyan;MA Xiaojing;HE Menghan;SHEN Husheng;WANG Yiru;PIAO Fengzhi;SHEN Shunshan(College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学园艺学院,郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2023年第4期924-932,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关资助项目(202102110218);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201100)。

摘　　要：为研究植物根际细菌HQ1-2在黄瓜根际定殖能力及对根际土壤微生态和枯萎病的影响,本研究采用稀释涂布平板法测定HQ1-2在黄瓜根际定殖密度,采用对峙试验和孢子萌发试验测定其对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制活性,通过盆栽试验评价其对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果和对黄瓜根际土壤微生态的影响,并对其进行鉴定。结果表明,HQ1-2在黄瓜根系和根际土壤具有稳定的定殖能力,处理12 d时在黄瓜根系和根际土壤分别能保持10^(4)和10^(6)cfu/g的定殖密度;HQ1-2处理显著增加黄瓜根际土壤细菌和放线菌数量,减少真菌数量,提高根际土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的活性,增加根际土壤速效氮、磷、钾的含量。在室内试验,HQ1-2对尖孢镰刀菌的菌丝生长、分生孢子形成和孢子萌发均具有显著的抑制作用,在盆栽试验,HQ1-2显著防治黄瓜枯萎病,其防效达到84.62%。另外,根据形态特征、生理生化特性和16S rRNA序列同源性分析,将HQ1-2菌株鉴定为多粘类芽胞杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa。In order to study the colonization ability of rhizobacteria HQ1-2 and effects its on rhizosphere microecology and Fusarium wilt of cucumber,Its colonization density of HQ1-2 were detected by dilution plating,the antifungal activity of HQ1-2 against Fusarium oxysporum were detected by in vitro experiments,the control effect of HQ1-2 against Fusarium wilt of cucumber and on rhizosphere soil microecology by pot experiments.The results showed that,HQ1-2 could colonize stable in cucumber roots and rhizosphere soil,12 days after treatment,HQ1-2 could maintain a density of 10^(4) and 10^(6)cfu/g,respectively in cucumber root and its rhizosphere soil.The treatment with HQ1-2 increse the bacteria and actinomycetes,while decresing the fungi quantity in the rhizosphere soil,remarkably improve urease,phosphatase,sucrase and catalase activities in cucumber rhizosphere soil,increase the available NPK contents.HQ1-2 was able to inhibit the mycelia growth,conidia formation and conidia germination of Fusarium oxysporum significantly in the in vitro experiment,HQ1-2 performed the successful potential control against Fusarium wilt of cucumber in the pot experiment,the control efficiencies was 84.62%.Based on the morphological,physiological characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence analysis,the strain HQ1-2 was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa.

关 键 词：根际促生菌 根际定殖 土壤微生态 黄瓜枯萎病 多粘类芽胞杆菌 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]