甲基苯丙胺戒治者不同阶段心理依赖的变化特点  

Changes and characteristics of psychological dependence of methamphetamine addicits in different stages of abstinence

作　　者：蔡旗炅 管彤 张健[2] 王深[1] CAI Qijiong;GUAN Tong;ZHANG Jian;WANG Shen(School of Physical Education and Sport Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108,China;School of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福州350108 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2023年第11期1601-1607,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:20BTY122)。

摘　　要：目的:研究甲基苯丙胺(Methamphetamine,MA)戒治者在强戒期、康复期的心理依赖变化特点及其性别差异。方法:于2020-2022年在福建省9所戒毒所中选取甲基苯丙胺戒治者301人,以视觉模拟量表(VAS)、苯丙胺停用后症状评估量表(ACSA)、Barratt冲动性量表(BIS)、耶鲁-布朗强迫量表(Y-BOCS)为测度,采用单因素方差分析和重复测量方差分析分别比较MA戒治者在不同戒治期及性别的差异。结果:①通过单因素方差分析,干预后VAS、ACSA、BIS、Y-BOCS的时间主效应差异显著(F=185.37,4.74,5.35,43.49;P<0.05);通过重复测量方差分析,VAS、ACSA、BIS、Y-BOCS的时间主效应(F=165.72,3.47,3.98,22.23;P<0.05)及组别主效应差异显著(F=23.66,62.61,25.45,4.12;P<0.05);时间与组别的交互效应差异显著(F=5.46,10.47,3.69,11.54;P<0.05)。结论:甲基苯丙胺戒治者心理依赖的变化在强戒期显著下降,到康复期则保持稳定。有所不同的是,在康复期男性保持相对稳定,而女性则出现波动,这提醒在社区康复期应加强对女性戒治者的帮扶。Objective:To study the change characteristics and gender differences of psychological dependence of methamphetamine abusers during the period of strong abstinence and rehabilitation.Methods:A total of 301 methamphetamine abstinence patients were selected from nine drug rehabilitation centers in Fujian province from 2020 to 2022.Visual Analog Scale(VAS),Post-amphetamine Withdrawal Symptom Assessment Scale(ACSA),Barratt Impulse Scale(BIS)and Yell-Brown Compulsion Scale(Y-BOCS)were used as measures.Univariate analysis of variance and repeated measure analysis of variance were used to compare the differences of MA detox patients in different detox periods and gender.Results:①By one-way analysis of variance,the time main effects of VAS,ACSA,BIS and Y-BOCS after intervention were statistically significant(F=185.37,4.74,5.35,43.49;P<0.05);②By repeated measure variance analysis,the time main effects of VAS,ACSA,BIS and Y-BOCS were statistically significant(F=165.72,3.47,3.98,22.23;P<0.05)and the main effects were statistically significant(F=23.66,62.61,25.45,4.12;P<0.05);Effects of interaction between time and group were statistically significant(F=5.46,10.47,3.69,11.54;P<0.05).Conclusion:The change of psychological dependence of methamphetamine abusers decreases significantly in the period of abstinence,but remained stable in the period of rehabilitation.Men remain relatively stable while women fluctuate during the rehabilitation period,which reminds us that we should strengthen the help for female abstinence patients during the community rehabilitation period.

关 键 词：甲基苯丙胺 戒治期 心理依赖 重复测量方差分析 性别 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]