新型大颗粒肥料对小果型西瓜产量及品质的影响  

Effect of New Large-particle Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Small-fruit Watermelon

作　　者：刘璐 白甜 赵建锋[1] 卢宗云[2] 李杰[2] 孙玉东[1] 许文钊 华涛 王洁 王林闯[1] LIU Lu;BAI Tian;ZHAO Jian-feng;LU Zong-yun;LI Jie;SUN Yu-dong;XU Wen-zhao;HUA Tao;WANG Jie;WANG Lin-chuang(Jiangsu Xuhuai Area Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Huai’an 223001,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huai’an 223003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态所,辽宁沈阳110016 [3]淮阴工学院,江苏淮安223003

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2023年第8期125-131,共7页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：淮安市农业科学研究院院长科研基金资助项目(HNY202204);2021年淮安市自然科学研究计划(指导类)资助项目(HABZ202130);2021年省政策引导类计划(苏北科技专项)资助项目(SZ-HA2021009);辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”项目(1618214601077);国家西甜瓜产业技术体系(CARS-25)。

摘　　要：通过基质栽培的方式,分析了大颗粒肥料+有机无机液体水溶肥对小果型西瓜苏梦6号产量及品质的影响。结果表明,施用大颗粒肥料+有机无机液体水溶肥在促进西瓜植株生长、改善西瓜果实品质及提高西瓜产量等方面效果明显。施用2粒绿色肥隆丸以及2粒黑色肥隆丸为底肥的组合对提高果实膨大期及成熟期的叶长及叶宽方面作用显著;施用3粒绿色肥隆丸以及3粒黑色肥隆丸的2组处理在增强茎粗、提高叶片叶绿素含量、增加糖度、提高产量方面表现突出。应用主成分分析法对8种肥料处理的13项指标进行了主成分分析,综合得分和评价由高到低依次排序为FG3>F_(1)>FB_(3)>FB_(2)>FB_(1)>FG_(1)>FG_(2)>F0,其中施用3粒绿色肥隆丸效果显著排名第一,该处理的2种糖度较对照分别提升了31.9%和44.5%,折合产量和小区产量分别提升了82.80%和77.13%,施肥次数比传统施肥减少了3次,节本增效,值得推广。The effects of large-particle fertilizer+organic and inorganic liquid water-soluble fertilizer on the yield and quality of small-fruit watermelon‘Sumeng 6’were studied by means of substrate cultivation.The results showed that the application of large-particle fertilizer+organic and inorganic liquid water-soluble fertilizer had obvious effects on enhancing the growth of watermelon,improving the quality of watermelon fruit and increasing the yield.The combination of 2 green Feilong pills and 2 black Feilong pills as base fertilizer had a significant effect on increasing the leaf length and width at the expanding and ripening stages of fruit.The two treatments with 3 green Feilong pills and 3 black Feilong pills had a significant effect on increasing stem diameter,leaf chlorophyll,increasing sugar content and yield.After the principal component analysis method was applied to the cumulative 13 indicators of the eight treatments,the order of the total score and evaluation was FG3>F_(1)>FB_(3)>FB_(2)>FB1>FG_(1)>FG_(2)>F0.Among them,the effect of applying three green fertilizer pills ranked the first,the sugar content of the treatment was increased by 31.9%and 44.5%compared with the control,and reduced output and plot output were increased by 82.80%and 77.13%,respectively.The Times of fertilization were reduced by 3 times compared with the traditional fertilization,which saved cost and increased efficiency,and was worth popularizing.

关 键 词：新型大颗粒肥料 施肥模式 西瓜 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]