我国荔枝产业发展形势及对策建议  

Development Situation and Countermeasures of Litchi Industry in China

作　　者：刘晓珂 李灯华[2] 刘佳佳[2] 黄红星 刘怀韬 银仲智 LIU Xiao-ke;LI Deng-hua;LIU Jia-jia;HUANG Hong-xing;LIU Huai-tao;YIN Zhong-zhi(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,China;Agricultural Information Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agri-information Service Technology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China;Maoming Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Maoming 525000,China;International Agricultural Economy and Farmer Cooperation Promotion Center of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510500,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所/农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所/农业农村部农业信息服务技术重点实验室,北京100081 [3]茂名市农业科技推广中心,广东茂名525000 [4]广东省农业对外经济与农民合作促进中心,广东广州510500

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2023年第8期209-216,共8页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：农业农村部农业信息服务技术重点实验室开发课题基金项目(荔枝产业分析与技术服务);乡村振兴战略专项资金项目(农业科技能力提升)“荔枝加工特性和经济效益分析研究”(2023TS-2-5)。

摘　　要：基于统计数据的对比分析,梳理、归纳和总结了我国荔枝产业的发展历程和发展形势。结果表明:我国荔枝产业发展经历了产业恢复、快速扩张及产业转型升级3个阶段;2018年以来,我国荔枝种植面积呈递减趋势,2022年较2018年减少了4.64%;受荔枝“大小年”影响,近5 a我国荔枝产量的波动较大;各地区因地制宜地选育和引进优势品种,品种结构持续优化,逐步形成了一批特色优势荔枝产区;2018—2022年我国鲜荔枝进口量总体呈下降趋势,出口贸易相对稳定;荔枝干、荔枝罐头、荔枝酒等产品的加工工艺逐步成熟,加工产品种类日益丰富;现代化要素不断升级,荔枝产业农旅融合多元化发展。为促进我国荔枝产业高质量发展,提出了要加快优质荔枝新品种选育,加强荔枝保鲜技术研发与应用,提高品牌附加值,提升信息化服务水平等对策建议。Based on comparative analysis of statistical data,the development course and situation of litchi industry in China were sorted out and summarized.The results showed that China’s litchi industry had gone through three stages of development,including industrial recovery stage,rapid expansion stage and industrial transformation and upgrading stage.The planting area of litchi in China showed a decreasing trend since 2018,and it had decreased by 4.64%in 2022 compared with 2018.The yield of litchi fluctuated greatly in recent five years because of the maximum yield in 2018.Various regions selected and introduced advantageous varieties according to local conditions,and the variety structure was continuously optimized.The characteristic advantageous producing areas of litchi industry were gradually formed.The import volume of fresh litchi in China had decreased,while the export trade was relatively stable from 2018 to 2022.The processing technology of dried litchi,canned litchi,litchi wine and other products were gradually mature,and the types of processed products were increasingly rich.Modernization elements continued to upgrade,and agriculture and tourism integration of diversified development.In order to promote the high-quality development of litchi industry in China,it is necessary to speed up the breeding of new litchi varieties,strengthen the development and application of litchi preservation technology,improve the brand added value,and improve the level of information services.

关 键 词：荔枝 发展历程 发展形势 对策建议 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]