2014-2022年宁夏不同地区奶牛艾美耳球虫病流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey of Eimeria in dairy cows in different regions of Ningxia from 2014 to 2022

作　　者：黎玉琼 于有利 从志鹏 郭亚男 薛峰[3] LI Yuqiong;YU Youli;CONG Zhipeng;GUO Yanan;XUE Feng(Institute of Animal Science,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University,School of Animal Medicine,Yangling 712100,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院动物科学研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]南京农业大学动物医学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2023年第10期70-75,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：宁夏农科院农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范专项(NGSB-2021-12-06);宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2022BBF02019)。

摘　　要：为明确宁夏地区奶牛艾美耳球虫流行情况,2014-2022年采集宁夏不同地区规模化奶牛养殖场中不同月龄段奶牛8 374份粪便样品,采用麦克马斯特法计算平均每克粪便中球虫卵囊数(OPG),并通过镜检对球虫进行虫种鉴定。结果显示:8 374份奶牛粪便样品中,艾美耳球虫阳性率为35.90%;不同年份发病率不同,其中2016-2018年以及2020-2021年发病率较高;不同月龄奶牛球虫发病率不同且优势虫种也不同,其中3~10月龄奶牛艾美耳球虫发病率较高;共检出12种艾美耳球虫,主要优势虫种为牛艾美耳球虫;球虫高发月份主要集中在4-11月份,球虫感染率分别与环境中平均相对湿度、降水量、平均气温、平均地表温度呈正相关,差异显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结果表明:宁夏不同地区奶牛存在球虫感染且发病率较高,主要优势虫种为牛艾美耳球虫。To determine the prevalence of Eimeria in dairy cows in the Ningxia area,8374 fecal samples of dairy cows of different months of age from large-scale dairy farms in different regions of Ningxia were collected from 2014 to 2022 The McMaster method was used to calcu-late the average occyst per gram(OPG)of the feces,and the coccidia species were identified by microscopic examination.The results showed that the positive rate of Eimeria was 35.90%in the 8374 cow feces samples.The incidence rate varied in different years,among which the incidence rate from 2016 to 2018 and the incidence rate from 2020 to 2021 were higher.The incidence rate of coccidia in cows of different months of age was different and the dominant species were also different,among which the incidence rate of Eimeria in 3-10 month old cows was higher.A total of 12 species of Eimeria were detected,and the dominant species was Eimeria bovis.The high incidence of coc-cidia mainly occurred from April to November.The infection rate of coccidia was positively correlated with the average relative humidity,pre-cipitation,average temperature and average surface temperature in the environment,with significant differences(P<0.05 or P<0.01).These results indicated that cows in different regions of the Ningxia area had coccidiosis infection and high incidence rate,and the dominant species was Eimeria bovis.

关 键 词：宁夏地区 奶牛 艾美耳球虫 流行病学 

分 类 号：S856[农业科学—临床兽医学]