新疆野核桃枝条组织结构与核桃腐烂病抗性的关系  

Relationship between branch tissue structure of Xinjiang wild walnut and resistance to walnut canker disease

作　　者：温家康 张萍[1] 王茹 邢长杰 唐茜茜 朱小虎[1] WEN Jia-kang;ZHANG Ping;WANG Ru;XING Chang-jie;TANG Xi-xi;ZHU Xiao-hu(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industry Technolo-gy in Arid Region,Education Department of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院/新疆教育厅干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第8期1686-1693,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2020D01A63)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解新疆野核桃组织结构与核桃腐烂病抗性的关系,进一步筛选核桃腐烂病抗性优良的新疆野核桃种质。【方法】以新疆巩留野核桃自然保护区中53份新疆野核桃种质一年生枝条为材料,通过室内人工接种方法,记录野核桃在接种核桃腐烂病菌后第12天的发病情况,测量不同抗性种质枝条横切的皮层厚度、薄壁细胞面积、韧皮部厚度、导管直径、密度以及木质部厚度等指标,利用方差分析与相关性分析研究不同抗病株系的枝条组织结构差异与核桃腐烂病抗性的关系。【结果】新疆野核桃不同单株间的抗病能力存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中28个野核桃单株在病斑表征上显示为高抗病种质,组间不同单株无显著差异(P>0.05,下同)。在不同抗性的野核桃单株中,抗病种质枝条横切的薄壁细胞小且排列致密,厚角组织细胞层数较多且细胞壁增厚,导管较小且密度高,木质化程度较高,微裂缝较少。相关性分析显示,不同发病程度与野核桃单株的皮层厚度(-0.20)无显著线性相关(P>0.05),与薄壁细胞面积(0.77^(**))、导管直径(0.71^(**))呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),与韧皮部厚度(-0.59^(**))、导管密度(-0.64^(**))、木质部厚度(-0.41^(**))呈极显著负相关,随着发病程度的增加,枝条韧皮部、木质部厚度以及导管密度越小,导管直径、薄壁细胞面积越大。【结论】从53份新疆野核桃材料中初步筛选出28个抗病种质,野核桃枝条薄壁组织紧密,韧皮部与木质部较厚、导管小而密度高的野核桃单株抗核桃腐烂病能力较强。研究结果可为新疆野核桃抗病育种研究提供基础性参考。【Objective】The present study aimed to understand the relationship between the tissue structure of Xinjiang wild walnut and walnut canker disease resistance,and to further screen Xinjiang wild walnut germplasm with excellent walnut canker disease resistance.【Method】Using the annual branches of 53 Xinjiang wild walnut germplasms in Xinjiang Gongliu wild walnut nature reserve as materials,through the method of indoor artificial inoculation,the incidence of wild walnut on the 12~(th) day after inoculation with walnut canker fungus was recorded.To measure the thickness of cortex,parenchyma cell area,phloem thickness,catheter diameter,catheter density,and xylem thickness of different resistant germplasm branches,variance and correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between the differences in branch tissue structure and disease resistance of different disease-resistant lines.【Result】There were significant differences in disease resistance among different individual plants of Xinjiang wild walnut(P0.05),among which 28 individual plants of wild walnut showed high disease resistance germplasm in terms of disease spot characteristics and there was no significant difference between different individual plants among the groups(P0.05,the same as below).Among wild walnut individual plants with different resistances,the parenchyma cells of the disease-resistant germplasm branches were small and densely arranged,the thick horn tissue cells had more layers and the cell wall was thicker,the catheter were smaller and denser,the degree of lignification was higher,and the microcracks were less.There was no significant linear correlation between the different disease degrees and the cortex thickness(-0.20) of a single plant of wild walnut;There was a very significant positive correlation with parenchyma cell area(0.77~(**)) and catheter diameter(0.71~(**))(P0.01,the same as below);It was significantly negatively correlated with phloem thickness(-0.59~(**)),vessel density(-0.64~(**)),and xylem thickness(-0.41~

关 键 词：新疆野核桃 核桃腐烂病 枝条组织结构 抗病差异 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]