基于土地利用变化的乡村聚落生态系统服务价值时空演变分析  

Spatial-temporal evolution of ecosystem service value in rural settlements based on land use change

作　　者：李泽[1] 吴博萌 LI Ze;WU Bo-meng(School of Architecture,Tianjin University/Planning and Implementation Committee of Tianjin Urban Planning Society/Academic Com-mittee of Urban and Rural Planning Implementation,China Society for Urban Planning,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Architecture,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院/天津市城市规划学会规划实施学委会/中国城市规划学会城乡规划实施学委会,天津300072 [2]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第8期1737-1747,共11页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目(18JZD059)。

摘　　要：【目的】识别乡村聚落生态系统服务价值演化情况,为优化土地利用结构实现乡村可持续发展提供参考依据。【方法】以转移矩阵、动态度分析和生态系统服务价值评估为主要方法,基于土地利用数据识别土地利用演化格局和生态系统服务价值变化趋势,提出国土空间规划框架下的价值提升策略。【结果】(1)2009—2020年,研究区土地利用结构变化显著,园地、草地和未利用地大幅缩减,建设用地急剧扩张,呈现生态环境破碎化和生态斑块离散化的特征。(2)生态系统服务价值在空间上呈现“东南高-西北低”的分布格局。水系、滩涂和湿地构成高值区,耕地与建设用地构成服务价值洼地。(3)研究期内生态系统服务价值下降1.11亿元;单项生态系统服务价值以调节服务价值为主,占总比重79%,价值减损斑块集中在研究区东南部,具有较强空间聚集性。【结论】2009—2020年研究区生态系统服务价值总量缓慢下降,东南片区的高值区服务功能退化显著。在乡镇国土空间规划中控制建设用地蔓延方向、减缓聚落扩张速度、预留生态资源功能恢复周期能有效帮助提升生态系统服务价值。【Objective】The aim of the present research is to explore the dynamics of ecosystem service value within rural settlements,offering valuable insights for optimizing land use structure and promoting sustainable development in rural areas.【Method】In the paper,the transfer matrix,dynamic attitude analysis and ecosystem service value assessment were used as the main methods.Based on land use data,the evolution pattern of land use and the change trend of ecosystem service value were identified.Finally,the value enhancement strategy under the framework of territorial spatial planning was proposed.【Result】(i) From 2009 to 2020,the land use structure of the study area changed significantly,and the garden land,grassland and unused land were reduced significantly,while the construction land expanded rapidly,showing the characteristics of ecological environment fragmentation and ecological patch dispersion.(ii) The spatial distribution pattern of ecosystem service value was ‘high in southeast and low in northwest'.Water system,tidal flat and wetland constituted high value area,and cultivated land and construction land constituted service value depression.(iii) The value of ecosystem services decreased by 111 million yuan during the study period;The single ecosystem service value was mainly regulated service value,accounting for 79% of the total.The value reduction patches were concentrated in the southeastern part of the study area,showing strong spatial aggregation.【Conclusion】From 2009 to 2020,the total ecosystem service value of the study area decreased slowly,and the service function of the high-value area in the southeast area deteriorated significantly.Controlling the spreading direction of construction land,slowing down the rate of settlement expansion and reserving the cycle of functional restoration of ecological resources can effectively help improve the value of ecosystem services in the planning of township territorial space.

关 键 词：生态系统服务价值 土地利用变化 乡村聚落 国土空间规划 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]