COVID-19与慢性心衰及新冠疫苗安全有效性研究进展  

Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with chronic heart failure

作　　者：韩拓 李盈[1] 李成[1] 李沛[1] 张春艳[1] 张岩[1] 王聪霞[1] HAN Tuo;LI Ying;LI Cheng;LI Pei;ZHANG Chun-yan;ZHANG Yan;WANG Cong-xia(Department of Cardiology,Second Affiliated Hospital,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710004,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院心血管内科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《心脏杂志》2023年第5期600-603,共4页Chinese Heart Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(82100359)。

摘　　要：病毒感染是慢性心衰患者病情恶化和再住院的重要危险因素。随着新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的不断变异与迅速传播,心衰患者已成为新冠病毒肺炎的高危易感人群。研究表明,慢性心衰患者更易罹患新冠病毒肺炎,且病情进展至急危重症的风险显著升高;此外,SARS-CoV-2感染还可导致心肌炎/心肌损伤、心律失常、肺栓塞等诸多心血管系统并发症,导致慢性心衰病情加重,增加心力衰竭发生风险。目前已紧急获批的新冠疫苗均已证实能够有效预防新冠病毒肺炎有症状感染和危重症病例的发生,降低患者住院率和死亡率。尽管有报道疫苗相关心肌炎、深静脉血栓及血小板减少等不良事件发生,但总体发生率仍较低。因此,慢性心衰患者应及早接种新冠疫苗,同时做好接种前风险评估与接种现场预防措施尤为重要。Virus infection is a well-established factor responsible for acute decompensation and rehospitalization in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).With the rapid evolution and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),heart failure patients have become a high-risk and susceptible group in the context of this pandemic.CHF patients are more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection and more likely to progress to severe and critical cases.SARS-CoV-2 infection can also cause cardiovascular complications,such as myocarditis/myocardial injury,arrhythmia and pulmonary embolism,thereby exacerbating the worsening of chronic heart failure and increasing the risk of newonset heart failure.All the approved vaccines for emergency use have been proven to be effective and safe to prevent symptomatic infections and critical cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and effectively reduce the hospitalization rate and mortality.Although vaccine-related adverse events such as myocarditis,deep vein thrombosis or thrombocytopenia have been reported,the overall incidence remains low.Therefore,patients with CHF should receive COVID-19 vaccine as soon as possible and it is necessary to make a careful risk-benefit assessment before vaccination and implement timely medical aids in case of rare but severe adverse events.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 慢性心衰 新冠疫苗 有效性 安全性 

分 类 号：R541.6[医药卫生—心血管疾病]