南极钻机的耐温材料和保温方式的优选  

Optimization of temperature resistant materials and insulation methods for Antarctic drill rigs

作　　者：王宇哲 张凯[1,2] 杨甘生 李亚洲[1,2] WANG Yuzhe;ZHANG Kai;YANG Gansheng;LI Yazhou(China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,Beijing;Key laboratory on Deep GeoDrilling Technology,MNR,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [2]自然资源部深部地质钻探技术重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《钻探工程》2023年第S01期82-89,共8页Drilling Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“变革性技术关键科学问题”重点专项“南极冰下复杂地质环境多工艺钻探理论与方法”项目(编号:2021YFA0719100)课题四“多工艺极地钻探装备研发与系统集成”(编号:2021YFA0719104);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(编号:42202346)。

摘　　要：为了满足南极科学钻探的需求,获取南极内陆深冰层下的基岩样本,需要从耐温和保温两方面提升南极钻机抵御极寒气候的能力。为了应对运输过程以及工作过程中裸露件面临的低温挑战,需要对钻机传动轴、密封材料、钻井液进行耐低温材料的选择,而钻机主体在工作过程中应处于一定保温载体和保温材料的整体保温加热环境中。本文对南极钻机的耐温材料和保温方式进行了综述和优选,认为应尽快设计建立低温地质钻机的系统保温方案和评价体系,丁腈橡胶是一种适用于南极钻机的低温密封材料,丁酸乙酯和丙酸丙酯等小分子酯是南极内陆钻探潜在的钻井液,以保温集装箱为主体多种加热方式共同作用为保温加热形式。对保证钻机能够在南极内陆的恶劣工况下保持正常稳定的工作具有一定意义。In order to meet the needs of the Antarctic scientific drilling,to obtain the base rock sample under the deep ice in the Antarctica,it is necessary to improve the ability of the Antarctic drill rigs to resist the chills from the aspects of mild insulation.In order to cope with the low temperature challenges faced by naked parts during the transportation process and during the work process,the choice of low‑temperature materials for the drill drive shaft,sealing material,and drilling fluid needs to be used.The drill rig body should be in an overall insulation and heating environment with a certain insulation carrier and insulation materials during the working process.This article reviews and preferred the temperature‑resistant materials and thermal insulation methods of Antarctic drilling machine.It is believed that the system insulation solution and evaluation system of low‑temperature geological rig should be designed as soon as possible.Small molecular esters such as ethyl ester and propionate are potential drilling fluids of Antarctic inland drilling.They use the insulation container as the main heating method as the main heating method as the preservation and heating form.It is of certain significance to ensure that it is normal and stable to maintain normal and stable work under the harsh conditions in the Antarctic inland.

关 键 词：南极钻机 耐温材料 密封材料 钻井液 保温方式 丁腈橡胶 小分子酯 集装箱 

分 类 号：P634.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]