基于VMD形态梯度谱与BAS-RF的变压器绕组松动诊断  

Diagnosis of Transformer Winding Looseness Based on VMD Morphological Gradient Spectrum and BAS-RF

作　　者：颜锦 马宏忠[1] 朱昊 张玉良 许洪华 YAN Jin;MA Hongzhong;ZHU Hao;ZHANG Yuliang;XU Honghua(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Hohai University Nanjing,211100,China;Nanjing Power Supply Company,State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company Nanjing,210019,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,南京211100 [2]国网江苏省电力公司南京供电公司,南京210019

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2023年第5期953-959,1040,共8页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51577050);国网江苏省电力公司重点科技资助项目(J2020042)。

摘　　要：为有效提取变压器振动信号中的绕组状态信息,提出一种基于变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)、形态梯度谱的特征提取,采用天牛须搜索算法优化随机森林(beetle antennae search‑random forest,简称BAS‑RF)识别绕组松动状态的诊断方法。首先,将实测变压器振动信号经VMD分解得到若干个模态分量;其次,计算多个尺度的形态梯度谱以形成初始特征样本集,为防止维数灾难,使用主成分分析法对初始特征样本集进行降维处理;最后,利用天牛须搜索算法对随机森林中决策树的个数和树的深度进行寻优以构造分类器模型,实现对变压器绕组松动状态的识别。实验结果表明,该方法能有效提取变压器绕组松动故障特征信息,且具有优良的抗噪性能,构建的BAS‑RF模型具有较高的识别准确率和识别速度。To effectively extract the state information of winding in the transformer vibration signal,a new method based on variational modal decomposition(VMD)and morphological gradient spectrum is proposed for extracting feature vectors.The beetle antennae search-random forest(BAS-RF)is utilized to recognize the discharge types.First,the measured vibration signals of the transformer windings under three different loose states are decomposed by VMD to obtain several modal components.Then,the multi-scale morphological gradient spectrum is calculated to form the initial characteristic sample.In order to prevent the disaster of dimensionality,the dimension reduction of the feature vectors is carried out by the principal component analysis.Finally,the number of decision trees in the random forest and the depth of the trees are optimized to construct a classifier model using the beetle antennae search to realize the recognition of the loose state of the transformer winding.Experimental results show that this method can effectively extract the characteristic information of transformer winding looseness and has excellent anti-noise performance.The constructed BAS-RF model has a high recognition accuracy and recognition speed.

关 键 词：变压器 绕组松动 变分模态分解 形态梯度谱 随机森林 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TM41[电气工程—电器]