乒乓球运动员跨步攻球动作膝关节动力学与下肢肌肉激活特征分析  

An Analysis of Knee Joint Kinematics and Lower Limb Muscle Activation Characteristics in Table Tennis Players’Cross-Step Attack

作　　者：张蓓 孙东岳 兰景越 Zhang Bei;Sun Dongyue;Lan Jingyue(Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang 157000,China)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院,黑龙江牡丹江157000

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第9期238-242,共5页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：牡丹江师范学院2023年研究生科技创新项目(项目编号:kjcx2023-090mdjnu);牡丹江师范学院2022年研究生科技创新重点项目(项目编号:kjcx2022-022mdjnu)。

摘　　要：目的:分析乒乓球运动员跨步攻球动作膝关节动力学与下肢肌肉激活特征之间的相关性。方法:以16名乒乓球专业运动员为研究对象,采用Qualisys三维运动捕捉系统、测力台以及Delsys无线表面肌电系统同步采集跨步攻球动作的动力学和肌肉激活信息,通过Opensim4.4计算关节力矩和胫骨前剪切力。结果:乒乓球跨步攻球动作膝关节峰值前剪切力与股直肌RMS和腓肠肌RMS之间存在线性正相关;峰值前剪切力和峰值伸展力矩与半腱肌/股直肌之间存在线性负相关;峰值外展力矩与股二头肌/股外侧肌之间存在线性正相关;峰值伸展力矩与股直肌RMS之间存在线性正相关。结论:乒乓球跨步攻球技术膝关节动力学参数与膝关节周围肌肉激活与共激活之间存在显著的相关性,因此,针对神经肌肉控制策略的预防性计划可以改变膝关节的生物力学,对减少膝关节损伤具有一定效果。OBJECTIVE:This study aims to analyze the relationship between knee joint kinematics and lower limb muscle activation characteristics in table tennis players’cross-step attack motion.METHODS:Sixteen professional table tennis players were the subjects of this research.We synchronized data collection using the Qualisys three-dimensional motion capture system,a force platform,and the Delsys wireless surface electromyography system during the cross-step attack motion.We utilized Opensim 4.4 to compute joint torques and tibial anterior shear force.RESULTS:In the context of table tennis cross-step attack motion,several notable correlations were observed.There was a positive linear correlation between the peak anterior shear force at the knee joint and the root mean square(RMS)of the rectus femoris and gastrocnemius muscles.Conversely,a negative linear correlation existed between the peak anterior shear force and peak extension torque with the semitendinosus/rectus femoris ratio.Furthermore,a positive linear correlation was found between the peak abduction torque and the biceps femoris/iliotibial tract ratio.Lastly,a positive linear correlation was observed between the peak extension torque and rectus femoris RMS.CONCLUSION:There is a significant association between knee joint kinematic parameters in table tennis cross-step attack technique and muscle activation as well as co-activation around the knee joint.Consequently,preventive programs focusing on neuromuscular control strategies can modify knee joint biomechanics,offering valuable benefits in reducing knee joint injuries.

关 键 词：跨步攻球 动力学 肌肉激活 膝关节 相关性 

分 类 号：G846[文化科学—体育训练]