418例儿童过敏性疾病血清过敏原检测分析  

Analysis on serum allergen testing in 418 cases of allergic diseases in children

作　　者：杨宇溪[1] 邓耀波 芮黎 杨宇舟[4] 张秀琴[1] 李胡焕[1] YANG Yuxi;DENG Yaobo;RUI Li;YANG Yuzhou;ZHANG Xiuqin;LIHuhuan(Clinical Laboratory,Yuxi People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,Yuxi Yunnan 653100,China;Department of Encephalopathy,Yuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yuxi Yunnan 653100,China;Clinical Laboratory,Yuxi Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,Yuxi Yunnan 653100,China;Nuclear Medicine Department,The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省玉溪市人民医院检验科,云南玉溪653100 [2]云南省玉溪市中医院脑病科,云南玉溪653100 [3]云南省玉溪市第二人民医院检验科,云南玉溪653100 [4]昆明医科大学第一附属医院核医学科,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《云南医药》2023年第5期43-46,共4页Medicine and Pharmacy of Yunnan

摘　　要：目的了解过敏性疾病儿童的血清过敏原分布情况,为儿童过敏性疾病的防治提供依据。方法采用ELISA法对418例患过敏性疾病的儿童血清样本总IgE和特异性过敏原进行测定。结果418例患儿的总IgE阳性率高达74.40%,过敏原主要以粉尘螨(34.44%)、鸡蛋(33.49%)、牛奶(31.10%)和屋尘螨(31.10%)为主,蟑螂和普通豚草/柳树/艾蒿在易感性上存在性别差异(χ^(2)=4.065,P<0.05;χ^(2)=9.068,P<0.05),男童较女童易感。食入性过敏原除了花生/大豆,其他过敏原阳性率均随年龄增长逐渐下降,吸入性过敏原中粉尘螨、屋尘螨和猫/狗上皮阳性率均随年龄增长逐渐升高。29.43%的患儿有三种及以上过敏原致敏。结论玉溪地区的儿童过敏性疾病的过敏原主要是鸡蛋、牛奶、粉尘螨和屋尘螨,不同年龄段过敏原分布存在差异,且主要以多种过敏原混合致敏。Objective To understand the distribution of serum allergens in children with allergic diseases,so as to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children.Methods Total IgE and specific allergens were measured in serum samples from 418 children with allergic diseases by ELISA enzyme-linked immunocapture assay(ELISA).Results The total IgE positivity rate was as high as 74.40%in 418 children.The main allergens were dust mites(33.49%),egg(33.49%),milk(31.10%)and house dust mite(31.10%).There were sex differences in susceptibility between cockroach and common ragweed/willow/wormwood(χ^(2)=4.065,P<0.05;χ^(2)=9.068,P<0.05),boys were more susceptible than girls.All allergens except peanut/soybean,the positive rate of other ingestible allergens decreased gradually with aging,while the positive rate of inhalant allergens such as dust mite,house dust mite and cat/dog epithelium increased gradually with aging.29.43%of child patients were sensitized to three or more allergens.Conclusions The main allergens of allergic diseases in children in the Yuxi area are eggs,milk,dust mites and house dust mites,There are differences in the distribution of allergens in different age,and the allergens are mainly mixed to sensitization.

关 键 词：过敏原 儿童 过敏性疾病 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]