电信网络诈骗中人头账户提供者的刑事责任认定路径  

The Path of Criminal Liability Analysis of Strawman Account Providers in Telecommunication Network Frauds

作　　者：王芳凯 Wang Fangkai

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学互联网法治研究中心

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2023年第5期190-198,共9页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“犯罪结构变迁与刑法治理模式现代化研究”(22VRC090)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在电信网络诈骗中,虽然人头账户提供者能使电信网络诈骗隐蔽化,但他在整个犯罪产业链条中仅属边缘性人物。随着“断卡”行动的兴起,人头账户提供者的刑责认定问题亟须妥善处理。我国司法实务往往根据银行卡的来源而适用不同的罪名,并倾向于一概否定被告人的抗辩。这一现象主要肇始于我国罪名在结构上的叠床架屋与分则教义学程度的不足。立足于我国现行法,对于人头账户案件的处理有正犯和共犯两种解释路径。但这两种路径或者无法圆满处理人头账户案件,或者无法兼顾帮助犯理论的传统教义。鉴于电信网络诈骗越发猖獗且非法提供资金账户行为具有独立的不法内涵,可以考虑将非法提供资金账户从帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪与传统帮助犯理论中剥离出来,独立成罪。In the telecommunication network fraud,the strawman account provider can,on the one hand,reduce the criminal cost of the fraud group and make the telecommunication network fraud hidden,but on the other hand,he only plays a marginal role in the whole criminal industry chain.With the rise of the“card-cutting”operation,the criminal liability of the strawman account provider needs to be dealt with properly in the interpretive or legislative sense.Our judicial practice often chooses to apply different crimes according to the different sources of bank cards,and tends to reject the defendant’s defense in general.This phenomenon is mainly due to the structural overlapping of crimes and the insufficient doctrinal level of the criminal law.Based on the basic position of criminal law doctrine,there are two ways to deal with the issue of criminal liability for strawman account provider under our current law,which are the path of positive offense and the path of complicity.However,these two paths either cannot satisfactorily deal with the issue of strawman account providers or cannot take into account the traditional doctrine of accessory to crime.In view of the increasingly rampant telecommunication network fraud and the independent unlawful connotation of the act of illegally providing capital accounts itself,consideration can be given to borrowing from the Japanese legislative examples and adding independent elements of crime.

关 键 词：人头账户 电信网络诈骗 正犯路径 共犯路径 比较法 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]