聚能装药水下爆炸冲击波和侵彻体载荷作用时序研究  

Action time sequence of underwater explosion shock waves and shaped charge projectiles

作　　者：张之凡 李海龙 张桂勇[1,3,4] 宗智 姜宜辰[1] ZHANG Zhifan;LI Hailong;ZHANG Guiyong;ZONG Zhi;JIANG Yichen(School of Naval Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学船舶工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]大连理工大学工业装备与结构分析国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [4]高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心,上海200240

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2023年第10期1-12,共12页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52271307,52192692,52061135107);辽宁省兴辽英才计划高水平创新创业团队项目(XLYC1908027);大连市重点领域创新研究团队项目(2020RT03);爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室(北京理工大学)开放课题(KFJJ21-09M);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT20RC(3)025,DUT20TD108)。

摘　　要：聚能装药水下爆炸过程中会产生高速聚能侵彻体和强间断冲击波等多种毁伤元。由于聚能侵彻体和冲击波的作用时间接近,且聚能装药水下爆炸作用时序的理论并不完善,因而认识两者的作用时序对聚能型战斗部作用下舰船结构的毁伤研究具有重要意义。首先,基于接触爆炸理论和牛顿第二定律,推导药型罩压垮后加速度和速度公式的基本形式。随后,基于欧拉控制方程,建立聚能装药空中和水下爆炸数值模型,得到装药和药型罩交界面处压力时程曲线,定量地确定药型罩压垮的加速度和速度公式,通过理论公式可解决不同炸高下聚能侵彻体和直达冲击波先后到达目标的问题。为了验证理论公式的可靠性,讨论了空气域长度为5倍装药半径时的复杂工况,数值模拟结果和理论推导结果基本一致:当空气域长度为5倍装药半径时,炸高在3倍装药半径之外,冲击波先于侵彻体。提出了药型罩压垮的加速度和速度理论公式的形式和求解聚能侵彻体和冲击波作用时序问题的思路,为分析聚能装药水下爆炸聚能侵彻体和冲击波的作用时序提供了理论依据。Damage elements such as high-speed explosively-formed projectiles and strong discontinuous shock waves are generated during the process of the shaped charge associated with the underwater explosion.The theory on the action time sequence of the explosively-formed projectile and the shock wave should be refined because their action time is close.Therefore,it is of great significance to investigate the action time sequence of different loads and their damage on ship structures.First,the formulations of acceleration and velocity equations are deduced in the forming process of the explosively-formed projectile,based on the contact explosion theory and Newton’s second law.Subsequently,based on the Eulerian governing equations,numerical models of air and water explosions of shaped charges are established.The evolution of pressure at the interaction of the charge and the liner is obtained.The acceleration and velocity equations of the explosively-formed projectile are presented quantitatively in this paper as a result.Besides,the obtained theoretical formulation can be utilized to solve the problem of the action time sequence of the explosively-formed projectile and direct shock wave.In order to verify the reliability of this theoretical formulation,the case in which the air cavity length is five times of the charge radius is studied.The numerical results are in general agreement with those of the theoretical derivation.The results show that when the length of the air cavity is five times of the charge radius and the stand-off distance is greater than three times of the charge radius,the shock wave precedes the explosively-formed projectile.The basic form of theoretical formulas is presented for the acceleration and velocity of the explosively-formed projectile.Moreover,the idea of solving the action time sequence problem of these two loads provides a theoretical basis for analyzing the action time sequence of underwater explosions.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 爆炸成型弹丸 冲击波 载荷特性 作用时序 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]