大体积混凝土水下接触爆炸破坏分区特征分析  

On characteristics of failure zones in mass concrete subjected to underwater contact explosion

作　　者：蒋宏杰 卢文波[1,2] 王高辉[1,2] 刘义佳 王洋[1,2] JIANG Hongjie;LU Wenbo;WANG Gaohui;LIU Yijia;WANG Yang(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水工岩石力学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2023年第10期13-27,共15页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51939008,52179140);湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(2021CFA093)。

摘　　要：为探究大体积混凝土水下接触爆炸破坏分区特征,基于水中爆炸冲击波与混凝土的相互作用过程分析,建立了综合考虑爆炸冲击波冲击破碎和爆轰产物准静态压拉致裂机制的混凝土爆炸破坏分区计算方法,并与有限元数值模拟和试验实测数据开展对比验证。结果表明:与空中接触爆炸相比,水对爆轰产物膨胀起抑制作用,使得爆炸荷载持时增加、作用于周围介质的冲量增大;采用建议的环向压碎判据计算破碎区,并将开裂区分为动态压裂、准静态压裂和准静态拉裂区的计算方法能够很好地预测混凝土水下接触爆炸破坏分区范围;炸药类型和起爆水深一定时,混凝土的抗拉强度和抗压强度比对开裂区范围起重要影响。The evaluation of failure effect on concrete under explosion is of great significance to both engineering blasting construction and anti-explosion safety of engineering structures.The key is to obtain the characteristics of failure zones of the target.Firstly,main physical processes of underwater contact explosion were analyzed.Loading characteristics of underwater contact explosion were studied with the difference between underwater contact explosion and air contact explosion compared.Then,a calculation method for range of failure zones in underwater contact explosion considering the crushing effect on target from explosion shock wave and the quasi-static effect on target from detonation products was established.The quasi-static effect was further subdivided into quasi-static compression fracturing and quasi-static tensile fracturing.Finally,the proposed method was verified with finite element numerical simulation and experimental data in literatures.The results show that the expansion of detonation products is inhibited by water compared with air contact explosion.And then the duration of explosion load and the impulse acting on the surrounding medium are increased in underwater contact explosion.Circumferential compression criterion is suggested to calculate cracked zone of concrete subjected to underwater contact explosion.And fracture zone is suggested to divide into dynamic fracturing zone,quasi-static compression fracturing zone and quasi-static tension fracturing zone for calculation.Failure range of mass concrete subjected to underwater contact explosion is well predicted by proposed calculation method.With the same explosive type and water depth,the range of fracture zone is greatly influenced by the tensile strength and compressive strength ratio of concrete.This provides a basis for both blast resistance research of engineering structures and underwater engineering blasting construction.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 混凝土 接触爆炸 破坏机制 破坏分区 

分 类 号：O383.1[理学—流体力学]