菌糠对棉花黄萎病及棉花根际微生物群落组成的影响  

Effects of spent mushroom substrate on cotton Verticillium wilt and the cotton rhizosphere microbiome

作　　者：曲远航 刘天聪 鹿秀云[1] 李社增[1] 郭庆港[1] 马平[1] Qu Yuanhang;Liu Tiancong;Lu Xiuyun;Li Shezeng;Guo Qinggang;Ma Ping(Institute of Plant Protection,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Integrated Pest Management Innovation Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China;College of Plant Protection,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所/河北省农业有害生物综合防治创新中心/农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2023年第4期274-287,共14页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系棉花产业技术体系(CARS-15-19);河北省自然科学基金(C2021301030);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-ZBS-1)。

摘　　要：【目的】评价菌糠对棉花黄萎病的防治效果(防效),明确菌糠对棉花根际微生物群落的影响。【方法】通过温室盆栽试验及田间小区试验评价香菇菌糠对棉花黄萎病的防效;利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应检测棉花根际大丽轮枝菌数量;利用宏基因组测序及生物信息学分析棉花根际微生物群落和功能基因组成。【结果】土壤中添加2%(质量分数)的菌糠对棉花黄萎病的温室防效达到76.8%。添加菌糠后棉花根际大丽轮枝菌数量较空白对照减少81.02%。添加菌糠后棉花根际微生物中微杆菌属(Microbacterium spp.)、中慢生根瘤菌属(Mesorhizobium spp.)、梨形孢属(Serendipita spp.)、毛壳菌属(Chaetomium spp.)等有益微生物丰度显著上升;同时,添加菌糠还改变了棉花根际细菌和真菌的共现模式,在提高细菌物种间关联性的同时降低真菌物种间关联性。利用京都基因和基因组数据库功能注释发现,菌糠处理后棉花根际微生物ABC转运蛋白(ko02010)、双组分调节系统(ko02020)、群体感应(ko02024)等涉及细菌信号识别和定植的基因相对丰度显著提高。在河北和新疆,菌糠对棉花黄萎病的田间防效最高分别为36.84%和43.98%。【结论】菌糠能够有效防治棉花黄萎病并降低棉花根际大丽轮枝菌数量,同时可改变棉花根际微生物群落和功能基因组成。[Objective]The objective of this study is to evaluate the control effect of spent Lentinus edodes substrate(SMS)on cotton Verticillium wilt and to clarify the effect of SMS on microbial community of cotton rhizosphere.[Method]The control effect of SMS on cotton Verticillium wilt was evaluated by pot and plot experiments under greenhouse and field condition.The population of Verticillium dahliae WX-1 in cotton rhizosphere was quantified by real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The microbiome and functional genes composition in cotton rhizosphere were analyzed by metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatics method.[Result]Soil amended with 2%(mass fraction)SMS could successfully suppress cotton Verticillium wilt,and the greenhouse control effect of SMS on cotton Verticillium wilt was 76.8%.The population of V.dahliae WX-1 in cotton rhizosphere amended with SMS decreased by 81.02%compared with the blank control.The abundances of beneficial microorganisms such as Microbacterium spp.,Mesorhizobium spp.,Serendipita spp.,Chaetomium spp.were significantly increased.Meanwhile,the co-occurrence pattern of bacteria and fungi was also changed in the SMS treatment,and the interspecific association of bacteria was increased while the interspecific association of fungi was decreased.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)functional annotation showed that the relative abundance of ABC transporter(ko02010),two-component regulatory system(ko02020),and quorum sensing(ko02024)genes involved in bacterial signal recognition and colonization of cotton rhizosphere microorganisms were significantly increased after SMS treatment.In Hebei and Xinjiang,the highest field control effect of SMS on cotton Verticillium wilt was 36.84%and 43.98%,respectively.[Conclusion]SMS can effectively control cotton Verticillium wilt and decrease the population of V.dahliae in the cotton rhizosphere,and change the microbiome and functional gene composition.

关 键 词：菌糠 大丽轮枝菌 棉花黄萎病 根际微生物 宏基因组 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]