日韩深和解为何难以实现——实力对比、战略需求与国家间和解  

Why Deep Reconciliation Between Japan and South Korea Is Difficult to Achieve:Power Distribution,Strategic Demands,and Interstate Reconciliation

作　　者：周方银 郑晓燕 Zhou Fangyin;Zheng Xiaoyan(the School of International Relations, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学国际关系学院,广州510006

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2023年第9期117-143,171,共28页World Economics and Politics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“地区秩序转型背景下打造周边命运共同体研究”(项目批准号:22ZDA128)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：与法德和解不同,第二次世界大战后日韩两国做出了多次和解努力,但只实现了浅和解,其和解程度未能随时间推移而不断深化。在1965年通过关系正常化实现初步和解的基础上,20世纪90年代之后日韩又至少做出两次和解努力,但其成果都不稳固,不但未能推动两国关系的稳定改善,反而强化了韩国社会对日本在历史问题上的负面认知,破坏了日韩信任的基础,增大了此后日韩和解的难度。日韩和解的特殊过程与发展态势为国家间和解提供了重要案例。历史因素、社会心理与文化、政治领导人变化、美国的态度和两国国内政治等不足以充分解释日韩和解过程中出现的曲折与困难。日韩和解难以深入的背后存在结构性因素的制约,日韩实力对比的不对称及其程度变化以及日韩相互战略需求态势的变化对日韩和解进程具有很强的塑造作用,使其呈现出特殊模式。受实力不对称的制约和日韩相互战略需求态势的影响,未来一段时期日韩要实现深和解依然面临难以克服的阻碍。Unlike the Franco-German reconciliation,Japan and South Korea have made several reconciliation efforts after World War II,but only a shallow reconciliation has been achieved,and the degree of reconciliation failed to deepen over time.On the basis of the initial reconciliation achieved through the normalization of relations in 1965,the two reconciliation efforts after the 1990s were not solid and did not lead to a stable improvement in relations between the two countries,but rather reinforced South Korean society's perception of Japan's insincere attitude toward the historical issue,which made it more difficult for Japan and South Korea to reconcile.The particular process and development of Japan-South Korea reconciliation provides an important case of interstate reconciliation.Historical factors,social psychology and social culture,changes in political leadership,US attitudes,and domestic politics of the two countries are not sufficient to fully explain the many twists and turns and difficulties that emerged in the process of Japan-South Korea reconciliation.This paper argues that there are structural factors behind the difficulty of deepening Japan-South Korea reconciliation,especially the failure of two important reconciliation efforts since the 1990s.The asymmetry of the Japan-South Korea power distribution and its changing degree,as well as the changes in Japan-South Korea mutual strategic demands,have had an important shaping effect on the Japan-South Korea reconciliation process,making it exhibit a special pattern.Constrained by the asymmetry of power distribution and the dynamics of Japan's and South Korea's mutual strategic demands,Japan and South Korea still face insurmountable obstacles to achieving deep reconciliation in the coming period.

关 键 词：国家间和解 日韩关系 实力不对称 东北亚安全 周边命运共同体 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]