燃气轮机动力涡轮转子动力学相似试验模型的设计方法研究  

Study on the Design Method of a Dynamic Similarity Test Model for Power Turbine Rotors of Gas Turbine

作　　者：黄朝晖 袁奇[1,2] 余承智 高进 孔祥林 HUANG Chaohui;YUAN Qi;YU Chengzhi;GAO Jin;KONG Xianglin(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Shaanxi Province Impeller Machinery and Power Equipment Engineering Laboratory,Xi’an 710049,China;Research on the Design Method of the Dynamic Similarity Test Model of the Gas Turbine Power Turbine Rotor,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]陕西省叶轮机械及动力装备工程实验室,西安710049 [3]东方电气G50研发中心,成都610000

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2023年第10期78-88,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2019JQ-611);国家科技重大专项资助项目(J2019-Ⅳ-0005-0072)。

摘　　要：针对某实际燃气轮机动力涡轮转子因结构尺寸大、质量大等原因无法直接开展试验动力学研究,提出了一种由三维有限元仿真计算和试验相结合的动力学相似试验转子模型的设计方法。首先,利用动力相似原则建立原始涡轮转子的动力相似试验转子模型和相应转子试验台,确定了目标函数为临界转速和振型相似;然后,分别进行转子动力学相似模型的有限元仿真计算和动力学特性试验,所得临界转速最大相对误差为4.5%,API 612高速动平衡标准下的不平衡响应峰-峰值相对误差为1.5%,说明仿真和试验的结果可靠;最后,对动力相似试验转子模型的有效性进行验证,动力相似试验转子模型的临界转速仿真和试验结果均与原始涡轮转子模型的临界转速成2.05倍关系,符合动力相似准则,并且动力相似试验转子模型的应变能分布与原始转子模型相似,成功构建了原始涡轮转子模型的动力相似试验转子模型,对于叶盘-转子系统的稳定性分析和试验设计研究有很大的参考价值和现实意义。In view of the fact that the power turbine rotor of a certain type of the gas turbine cannot be directly tested due to its large size and mass,this paper proposes a design method of dynamic similar test rotor model which combines 3D finite element simulation calculation and test.First,the dynamic similarity test rotor model of the original turbine rotor and the corresponding rotor test bed were established based on the principles of dynamic similarity;second,the finite element simulation calculation and dynamic characteristic test were carried out respectively for the dynamic similar test rotor model.The maximum relative error of the critical speed obtained was 4.5%,and the peak-to-peak relative error of the unbalance response under the API 612 high-speed dynamic balance standard was 1.5%,indicating that the simulation and test results are reliable;at last,the validity of the dynamic similarity test rotor model was verified.The critical speed simulation and test results of the dynamic similarity test rotor model were 2.05 times higher than the critical speed of the original turbine rotor model,which conforms to the principles of dynamic similarity.The strain energy distribution of the dynamic similarity test rotor model was similar to that of the original turbine rotor model,indicating that the dynamic similarity test rotor model was successfully constructed in this paper.This model is of great reference value and practical significance for the stability analysis and experimental design research of the bladed disk-rotor system.

关 键 词：燃气轮机 动力涡轮 动力学相似 应变能 临界转速 叶盘-转子系统 

分 类 号：TK14[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]