半高叶片扩压器对离心压缩机流动性能影响的数值研究  

Numerical Study on the Impact of Half-Vaned Diffuser on Flow Performance of Centrifugal Compressor

作　　者：张国路迢 王江峰[1] 娄聚伟 郭雨旻 赵攀[1] ZHANG Guolutiao;WANG Jiangfeng;LOU Juwei;GUO Yumin;ZHAO Pan(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2023年第10期89-98,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976147)。

摘　　要：为了分析半高叶片扩压器内的流动机理,进一步提升半高叶片扩压器的工作性能,研究了离心压缩机中不同叶高、位置的半高叶片扩压器内的流动特性,提出了斜半高叶片扩压器,研究了斜半高叶片扩压器在发生旋转失速时流动特性。采用了三维计算流体动力学(CFD)方法对使用不同扩压器的离心压缩机在稳态和瞬态条件下进行了全周全工况数值模拟。研究结果表明:在设计工况下,斜半高叶片扩压器相较于半高叶片扩压器,当安装在轮盘侧时,总静压比提升了3.80%,总静等熵效率提升了2.74%,当安装在轮盖侧时,总静压比、总静等熵效率分别提升了0.82%、2.11%;旋转失速时的研究表明,斜半高扩压器叶片叶顶间隙流动能够在发生旋转失速时耗散静压波动能量,将扩压器内静压波动从最大约50 kPa降低至了约10 kPa。所提斜半高叶片扩压器作为新型的扩压器类型,性能优于半高叶片扩压器,具备广阔的应用前景,对旋转失速时的流动研究结果能够扩压器叶片叶顶间隙流动研究提供重要参考。In order to analyz the flow mechanism in the half-vaned diffuser and further improve the working performance of the half-vaned diffuser,the research was conducted on the flow characteristics of the half-vaned diffuser in the centrifugal compressor at different blade heights and positions.Based on the research,the tilted half-vaned diffuser was proposed and its flow characteristics in rotating stall were studied.The three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method was used to simulate the whole operation of centrifugal compressors with different diffusers under steady and transient conditions.The results show that compared with the half-vaned diffuser under design conditions,when the tilted half-vaned diffuser is installed on the hub side,the total static pressure ratio and total static isentropic efficiency are increased by 3.80%and 2.74%,respectively,and when installed on the shroud side,the total static pressure ratio and total static isentropic efficiency are increased by 0.82%and 2.11%,respectively.The results show that the tip clearance flow of the tilted half-vaned diffuser can dissipate the energy of static pressure fluctuation in rotating stall,and the fluctuation amplitude of static pressure in diffuser passages can be reduced from about 50 kPa to about 10 kPa.As a new type of diffuser,the tilted half-vaned diffuser proposed in this paper has better performance than the half-vaned diffuser and has a good application prospect.The results in rotating stall conditions can provide an important reference to the flow character of tip clearance of diffuser blade in flow passage.

关 键 词：离心压缩机 半高叶片扩压器 计算流体动力学 失速 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]