化学改性生物炭介导水中新污染物去除的研究进展  

Advances in the removal of emerging contaminants from watermediated by chemically modified biochar

作　　者：李希婷 董浩然[1,2] LI Xiting;DONG Haoran(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control(Hunan University),Ministry ofEducation,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室(湖南大学),湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2023年第5期15-24,共10页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52122011);湖南省科技创新计划资助(2021RC3050)。

摘　　要：新污染物是一类浓度相对较低但毒性很高的污染物,可以在生物体内富集,并通过食物链转移到人体,对环境生态和人体健康都构成很大威胁。此外,新污染物在环境中的危害具有潜在性、隐蔽性和持久性,因此选择适当的方法对新污染物进行风险管控具有重要的现实意义。在我国推行“双碳行动”的大背景下,人们对生物炭吸附去除新污染物产生了广泛的研究兴趣。然而,需要注意的是,原始生物炭在许多应用中存在局限性,例如吸附能力弱、选择性差、化学稳定性较低等。因此,有必要对生物炭进行改性,以提高其在水污染处理中的应用。目前,生物炭改性方法中,化学改性是最为广泛应用的一种方法。本文介绍了三种常见的化学改性方法,包括酸改性、碱改性以及金属盐/氧化物改性,并阐述它们提高生物炭物理化学性能的机制。此外,还分析了化学改性生物炭介导新污染物去除的增效机制,主要涉及吸附和高级氧化过程。总结了近五年来化学改性生物炭对药品及个人护理产品(PPCPs)、内分泌干扰物(EDCs)、全氟化合物(PFCs)和微塑料(MPs)等典型新污染物去除方面的研究进展。最后,本文提出了化学改性生物炭介导新污染物去除的未来探索方向,旨在为水中新污染物的绿色高效去除提供参考。Emerging contaminants are pollutants with relatively low concentration but high toxicity.They can be enriched in living organisms and transferred to the human body through the food chain,posing a significant threat to environmental ecology and human health.Additionally,the harm caused by emerging contaminants in the environment is latent,hidden and persistent.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to choose appropriate methods to control the risk of emerging contaminants.In the context of"double carbon action",biochar adsorption for emerging contaminants removal has aroused extensive research interest.However,it should be noted that the original biochar has limitations in many applications,such as weak adsorption capacity,poor selectivity,and low chemical stability.Therefore,it is necessary to modify biochar to improve its application in water treatment.Currently,chemical modification of biochar is the most widely used method of modification.This paper introduces three commonly used chemical modification methods of biochar:acid modification,alkali modification and metal salt/oxide modification.The mechanisms by which these methods enhance the physical and chemical properties of biochar are also discussed.Furthermore,the synergistic mechanism of chemically modified biochar mediated removal of emerging contaminants is analyzed,primarily involving adsorption and advanced oxidation processes.The research progress of chemically modified biochar in the removal of typical emerging contaminants such as PPCPs,EDCs,PFCs and MPs in the past five years is summarized.Finally,this paper proposes future research directions for the chemically modified biochar mediated removal of emerging contaminants to provide a reference for the green and efficient removal of emerging contaminants from water.

关 键 词：化学改性 生物炭 新污染物 吸附 高级氧化 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]