铝/钛异种金属超声振动强化搅拌摩擦焊接工艺试验研究  

Experimental Study on Ultrasonic Vibration Enhanced Friction Stir Welding ofAl/Ti Dissimilar Joints

作　　者：张贤昆 石磊[1] 武传松 李胜利[1] Zhang Xiankun;Shi Lei;Wu Chuansong;Li Shengli(MOE Key Lab for Liquid-solid Structure Evolution and Materials Processing,Shandong University,Jinan 250061)

机构地区：[1]材料液固结构演变与加工教育部重点实验室,山东大学,济南250061

出　　处：《航天制造技术》2023年第4期7-11,共5页Aerospace Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(522**349、520**005);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(202****X1)。

摘　　要：搅拌摩擦焊在铝/钛异种金属焊接方面具有明显优势,但采用常规搅拌摩擦焊进行铝/钛异种金属焊接时,在焊缝根部仍易产生弱连接缺陷。为此,采用超声振动强化搅拌摩擦焊接新工艺进行了4mm厚的2024铝合金与TC4钛合金的焊接工艺试验,焊后进行了接头微观组织与力学性能分析。通过与常规搅拌摩擦焊接工艺进行对比,发现辅加超声振动能够改善铝/钛异种金属搅拌摩擦焊缝表面成形,降低接头根部弱连接缺陷的高度,减少接头金属间化合物的生成。在搅拌头转速为400r/min,焊接速度为45mm/min时,接头的抗拉强度可达到343.3MPa,相比于常规搅拌摩擦焊提升18.9%,达到铝合金母材强度的76.2%。研究证实了超声振动强化搅拌摩擦焊接新工艺在铝/钛异种金属焊接方面的优势,为提高铝/钛异种金属的焊接质量提供了新的技术手段。Friction stir welding(FSW)has significant advantages in the welding of Al/Ti hybrid structure.However,the kissing bond defects are still prone to occur at the weld root when using conventional FSW for joining Al/Ti hybridstructure.Therefore,a novel ultrasonic vibration enhanced friction stir welding(UVeFSW)was employed for joining of4mm thick 2024 aluminum alloy and TC4 titanium alloy.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the jointswere analyzed.It was found that UVeFSW can improve the weld formation,reduce the height of kissing bond defects atthe weld root,and inhibit the formation of intermetallic compounds in the Al/Ti interface.The average tensile strength ofthe UVeFSW joints reached its maximum value of 343.3MPa at the tool rotation speed of 400r/min with the weldingspeed of 45mm/min.The maximum tensile strength of UVeFSW joint is about 18.9%higher than that of conventionalFSW joint.The maximum tensile strength of the UVeFSW joint reaches about 76.2%of the tensile strength of 2024aluminum alloy.It proves that the novel UVeFSW is suitable in joining of Al and Ti dissimilar alloy,providing a newjoining technology for achieving high-quality Al/Ti dissimilar joints.

关 键 词：超声振动强化搅拌摩擦焊 铝/钛异种焊 焊缝成形 金属间化合物层 超声辅助 

分 类 号：V261.34[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]