泸州市农村幼儿防性侵教育开展现况分析  

Early childhood education on sexual assault prevention:an online survey among parents/caregivers of young children in rural kindergartens of Luzhou city

作　　者：鲁露 张潇 宋先秦 蔡豪 杨鹏 李嘉麒 叶运莉 LU Lu;ZHANG Xiao;SONG Xianqin;CAI Hao;YANG Peng;LI Jiaqi;YE Yunli(School of Public Health,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学公共卫生学院,泸州646000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2023年第8期1018-1023,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：四川性社会学与性教育研究中心重点项目(SXJYA2101);四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地科研项目(TER2020-013);西南医科大学2021年校级大创项目(2021312)。

摘　　要：目的了解四川省泸州市农村地区幼儿防性侵教育开展现状及其影响因素,为促进农村幼儿防性侵教育提供参考依据。方法于2021年12月—2022年1月通过分层整群抽样和自行设计的调查表对2258名3~6岁幼儿家长的幼儿性教育知信行情况及防性侵教育开展情况进行问卷调查。结果有效问卷2218份,有效率为98.23%,防性侵家庭教育开展率为38.46%,防性侵幼儿园教育报告率为25.16%,防性侵家–园沟通率为16.55%。多因素分析结果表明,被调查者为父母是防性侵家庭教育开展行为(OR=3.06,95%CI=1.76~5.33)、幼儿园教育报告行为(OR=2.77,95%CI=1.57~4.91)、家–园沟通行为(OR=5.62,95%CI=3.12~10.13)的共同促进因素(P<0.05)。此外,防性侵家庭教育中,母亲为公职人员(OR=2.37,95%CI=1.57~3.60)和其他职业(OR=1.91,95%CI=1.36~2.68)、性知识得分及格(OR=1.75,95%CI=1.33~2.30)、支持性教育(OR=3.84,95%CI=2.81~5.25)者开展率更高;留守儿童(OR=0.73,95%CI=0.60~0.89)开展率更低。防性侵幼儿园教育行为中,公立学校(OR=1.48,95%CI=1.19~1.85)、中班(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.03~1.98)和大班(OR=1.79,95%CI=1.31~2.43)、父亲为教师/医生(OR=2.37,95%CI=1.15~1.89)、性知识得分及格(OR=1.97,95%CI=1.41~2.75)、支持性教育(OR=3.02,95%CI=2.10~4.33)者报告率更高;独生子女(OR=0.69,95%CI=0.52~0.90)和留守儿童(OR=0.64,95%CI=0.51~0.80)报告率较低。防性侵家–园沟通行为中,父亲为教师/医生(OR=1.58,95%CI=1.16~2.14)、公职人员(OR=2.98,95%CI=1.35~6.57)、其他职业(OR=2.06,95%CI=1.31~3.24)者家–园沟通率更高(P<0.05);母亲文化程度为初中(OR=0.57,95%CI=0.39~0.85)、高中/中专(OR=0.59,95%CI=0.39~0.90)和大专/本科及以上(OR=0.38,95%CI=0.23~0.63),隔代照顾者(OR=0.49,95%CI=0.35~0.68)者家–园沟通率较低。结论泸州市农村地区幼儿防性侵教育开展率较低,有关部门应大力宣传防性侵教育,针对以上影响因素制定有效干预措施。Objective To examine the situation and determinants of early childhood education on sexual assault prevention in rural areas of Luzhou municipality and to provide evidence for promoting the education among rural young children.Methods With a self-designed questionnaire,we conducted an anonymous survey online among 2258 parents/caregivers of 3–6 years old children in 12 kindergartens selected using stratified cluster sampling in rural areas of Luzhou city,Sichuan province between December 2021 and January 2022.Results Of 2218 participants with eligible responses,38.46%and 25.16%reported educational activity for young children on sexual assault prevention ever performed in family settings and in kindergartens;and 16.55%reported the family-kindergarten communication about issues of the education on sexual assault prevention.The results of unconditional binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the parental participants were more likely to be involved in their children′s education on sexual assault prevention in family settings(odds ratio[OR]=3.06,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:1.76–5.33),to report their children′s participating in the programs on the prevention of sexual assault in kindergartens(OR=2.77,95%CI:1.57–4.91),and to conduct home-school communication about the status of the education(OR=5.62,95%CI:3.12–10.13);the results also revealed multiple influencing factors for having the education on sexual assault prevention in young children as following:(1)promoting factors for the education in family setting:maternal occupation of public employee(OR=2.37,95%CI:1.57–3.60),maternal occupations of other than teacher/public employee/worker(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.36–2.68),with a caregiver having a better(scored≥5 in a scale range of 0–7)sexual knowledge(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.33–2.30),and caregiver′s positive attitude towards the education(OR=3.84,95%CI=2.81–5.25);(2)hindering factor for the education in family setting:being a left-behind child(OR=0.73,95%CI:0.60–0.89);(3)promoting fac

关 键 词：幼儿性教育 性侵教育 农村地区 现况调查 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G617[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]