分类政策下北京市生活垃圾管理进展与挑战  

Progress and Challenges in the Management of Domestic Waste in Beijing Under the Background of Waste Sorting

作　　者：刘婷婷[1] 张前 曹婧 温志超 薛婕[4] LIU Tingting;ZHANG Qian;CAO Jing;WEN Zhichao;XUE Jie(The Circular Economy Research Institute,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124;High Pressure Pipe Network Branch,Beijing Gas Group Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100010;State Information Center,Beijing 100045;Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences,Beijing 100012)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学循环经济研究院,北京100124 [2]北京市燃气集团有限责任公司高压管网分公司,北京100010 [3]国家信息中心,北京100045 [4]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2023年第5期99-105,共7页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42001253);2022年度北京市属高校教师队伍建设支持计划优秀青年人才项目(BPHR202203030)。

摘　　要：通过文献调研、问卷调查以及成本测算的方法,对北京市生活垃圾分类政策的实施效果进行了评估,比较垃圾分类政策实施前后北京市生活垃圾收运处理情况,对北京市生活垃圾的管理现状及存在问题进行了剖析。结果表明:垃圾分类政策的实施促进了垃圾减量化和资源化,提升了居民环保意识;虽然现有生活垃圾处理设施能够匹配当下的处理需求,但随着垃圾分类工作的推进和垃圾处理设施的新建,焚烧企业将出现“吃不饱”的状况,因此需要对垃圾分类和设施建设进行利弊权衡,进一步优化布局并做合理规划。在此基础上,充分考虑北京市垃圾分类政策实施过程中面临的机遇与挑战,从提升分类质量、调整设施建设、创新分类模式、建立协调机制等多方面提出深入推进北京市生活垃圾分类的对策建议,为城市生活垃圾管理规划与政策制定提供了理论基础与现实依据。The effectiveness of the waste sorting policy in Beijing was evaluated through literature review,questionnaire surveys,and cost analysis.The collection and treatment situations of domestic waste in Beijing before and after the implementation of the waste sorting policy was compared,and the current state and existed issues of waste management in Beijing were analyzed.The results showed that,on the one hand,the implementation of the waste sorting policy had promoted waste reduction and resource utilization,and improved residents’environmental awareness.On the other hand,although the existed domestic waste treatment facilities could match the current disposal situation,with the progress of waste sorting work and the construction of new waste treatment facilities,incineration companies may face the situation of“not having enough waste to burn”.Therefore,it was necessary to balance the advantages and disadvantages of waste sorting and facility construction,further optimize the layout and make reasonable plans.Based on this,fully considered the opportunities and challenges faced by the implementation of waste sorting policies in Beijing,countermeasures and suggestions were proposed for promoting waste sorting in Beijing from multiple aspects,such as improving the quality of classification,adjusting facility construction,innovating sorting modes,and establishing coordination mechanisms,in order to provide theoretical and practical basis for urban domestic waste management planning and policy making.

关 键 词：垃圾分类 生活垃圾 政策作用 收运处理 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]